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图书管理系统

一.环境

 1.数据库环境

CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;USE `ssmbuild`;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;CREATE TABLE `books` (`bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',`bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',`bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',`detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8INSERT  INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES 
(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),
(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');

2.基本环境搭建

新建一Maven项目！ ssmbuild ， 添加web的支持

导入相关的pom依赖！

<dependencies><!--Junit--><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.12</version></dependency><!--数据库驱动--><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>5.1.47</version></dependency><!-- 数据库连接池 --><dependency><groupId>com.mchange</groupId><artifactId>c3p0</artifactId><version>0.9.5.2</version></dependency><!--Servlet - JSP --><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId><version>2.5</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId><artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId><version>2.2</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>jstl</artifactId><version>1.2</version></dependency><!--Mybatis--><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis</artifactId><version>3.5.2</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId><version>2.0.2</version></dependency><!--Spring--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId><version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId><version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><version>1.18.30</version></dependency>
</dependencies>

Maven资源过滤设置

<build><resources><resource><directory>src/main/java</directory><includes><include>**/*.properties</include><include>**/*.xml</include></includes><filtering>false</filtering></resource><resource><directory>src/main/resources</directory><includes><include>**/*.properties</include><include>**/*.xml</include></includes><filtering>false</filtering></resource></resources>
</build>

 建立基本结构和配置框架！

 

mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configurationPUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration></configuration>

 applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"></beans>

二.Mybatis层编写 

1.database.properties

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456

注意：mysql8.0加了一个时区 

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456

如何查看mysql版本：进入mysql使用以下命令

​​mysql> select version();
+------------+
| version()  |
+------------+
| 5.7.28-log |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

 2.IDEA关联数据库

编写MyBatis的核心配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configurationPUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration><typeAliases><package name="com.ssm.pojo"/></typeAliases><mappers><mapper resource="com/ssm/mapper/BookMapper.xml"/></mappers></configuration>

编写数据库对应的实体类 com.kuang.pojo.Books

使用lombok插件！

package com.ssm.pojo;import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Books {private int bookID;private String bookName;private int bookCounts;private String detail;
}

编写Mapper层的 Mapper接口！

package com.ssm.mapper;import com.ssm.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;public interface BookMapper {//增加一个Bookint addBook(Books book);//根据id删除一个Bookint deleteBookById(int id);//更新Bookint updateBook(Books books);//根据id查询,返回一个BookBooks queryBookById(int id);//查询全部Book,返回list集合List<Books> queryAllBook();
}

编写接口对应的 BookMapper.xml 文件。需要导入MyBatis的包

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapperPUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.ssm.mapper.BookMapper"><!--增加一个Book--><insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">insert into books(bookName,bookCounts,detail)values (#{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{detail})</insert><!--根据id删除一个Book--><delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">delete from books where bookID=#{bookID}</delete><!--更新Book--><update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">update booksset bookName = #{bookName},bookCounts = #{bookCounts},detail = #{detail}where bookID = #{bookID}</update><!--根据id查询,返回一个Book--><select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books">select * from bookswhere bookID = #{bookID}</select><!--查询全部Book--><select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">SELECT * from books</select>
</mapper>

3.编写Service层的接口和实现类

package com.ssm.service;import com.ssm.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;public interface BookService {//增加一个Bookint addBook(Books book);//根据id删除一个Bookint deleteBookById(int id);//更新Bookint updateBook(Books books);//根据id查询,返回一个BookBooks queryBookById(int id);//查询全部Book,返回list集合List<Books> queryAllBook();
}

package com.ssm.service;import com.ssm.mapper.BookMapper;
import com.ssm.pojo.Books;import java.util.List;public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService{private BookMapper bookMapper;public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {this.bookMapper = bookMapper;}public int addBook(Books book) {return bookMapper.addBook(book);}public int deleteBookById(int id) {return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);}public int updateBook(Books books) {return bookMapper.updateBook(books);}public Books queryBookById(int id) {return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);}public List<Books> queryAllBook() {return bookMapper.queryAllBook();}
}

OK，到此，底层需求操作编写完毕

三.Spring层 

1.Spring整合MyBatis

我们这里数据源使用c3p0连接池；

我们去编写Spring整合Mybatis的相关的配置文件； spring-mapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttps://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"><!-- 配置整合mybatis --><!-- 1.文件关联数据库 --><context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/><!-- 2.数据库连接池 --><!--数据库连接池dbcp  半自动化操作  不能自动连接c3p0  自动化操作（自动的加载配置文件 并且设置到对象里面）--><bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"><!-- 配置连接池属性 --><property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/><property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/><property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/><property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/><!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 --><property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/><property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/><!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit --><property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/><!-- 获取连接超时时间 --><property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/><!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 --><property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/></bean><!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 --><bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"><!-- 注入数据库连接池 --><property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/><!-- 配置MyBaties全局配置文件:mybatis-config.xml --><property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/></bean><!-- 4.配置扫描mapper接口包，动态实现mapper接口注入到spring容器中 --><!--解释 ： https://www.cnblogs.com/jpfss/p/7799806.html--><bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"><!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory --><property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/><!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 --><property name="basePackage" value="com.ssm.mapper"/></bean></beans>

2.Spring整合service层 

我们去编写Spring整合service的相关的配置文件； spring-service.xml 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"><!-- 扫描service相关的bean --><context:component-scan base-package="com.ssm.service" /><!--BookServiceImpl注入到IOC容器中--><bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.ssm.service.BookServiceImpl"><property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/></bean><!-- 配置事务管理器 --><bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"><!-- 注入数据库连接池 --><property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /></bean></beans>

 连接配置文件在applicationContext.xml中配置

   <import resource="classpath:spring-mapper.xml"/><import resource="classpath:spring-service.xml"/>

 如果 spring-service.xml还是报红，直接在此文件中加

<import resource="classpath:spring-mapper.xml"/>

此时项目结构 

 四.SpringMVC层

1.web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"version="4.0"><!--DispatcherServlet--><servlet><servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class><init-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><!--一定要注意:我们这里加载的是总的配置文件，之前被这里坑了！--><param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value></init-param><load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/</url-pattern></servlet-mapping><!--encodingFilter--><filter><filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name><filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class><init-param><param-name>encoding</param-name><param-value>utf-8</param-value></init-param></filter><filter-mapping><filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name><url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping><!--Session过期时间--><session-config><session-timeout>15</session-timeout></session-config>
</web-app>

2.spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/mvchttps://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"><!-- 配置SpringMVC --><!-- 1.开启SpringMVC注解驱动 --><mvc:annotation-driven /><!-- 2.静态资源默认servlet配置--><mvc:default-servlet-handler/><!-- 3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver视图解析器 --><bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"><property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" /><property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" /><property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /></bean><!-- 4.扫描web相关的bean --><context:component-scan base-package="com.ssm.controller" />
</beans>

3.Spring配置整合文件

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"><import resource="spring-mapper.xml"/><import resource="spring-service.xml"/><import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/></beans>

 

五.功能添加 

1.查询全部书籍 

BookController 类编写

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {@Autowired@Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")private BookService bookService;@RequestMapping("/allBook")public String allBook(Model model) {List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();model.addAttribute("allBook",list);return "allBook";}
}

 编写首页 index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head><title>首页</title><style type="text/css">a {text-decoration: none;color: black;font-size: 18px;}h3 {width: 180px;height: 38px;margin: 100px auto;text-align: center;line-height: 38px;background: deepskyblue;border-radius: 4px;}</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3><a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">点击进入列表页</a>
</h3>
</body>
</html>

书籍列表页面 allbook.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head><title>书籍列表</title><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><!-- 引入 Bootstrap --><link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container"><div class="row clearfix"><div class="col-md-12 column"><div class="page-header"><h1><small>书籍列表 —— 显示所有书籍</small></h1></div></div></div><div class="row"><div class="col-md-4 column"><a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a></div></div><div class="row clearfix"><div class="col-md-12 column"><table class="table table-hover table-striped"><thead><tr><th>书籍编号</th><th>书籍名字</th><th>书籍数量</th><th>书籍详情</th><th>操作</th></tr></thead><tbody><c:forEach var="book" items="${requestScope.get('allBook')}"><tr><td>${book.getBookID()}</td><td>${book.getBookName()}</td><td>${book.getBookCounts()}</td><td>${book.getDetail()}</td><td><a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.getBookID()}">更改</a> |<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.getBookID()}">删除</a></td></tr></c:forEach></tbody></table></div></div>
</div>

2.添加书籍 

BookController 类编写 

    // 实现allBook页面按钮转跳到addBook@RequestMapping("/toAddBook")public String toAddBook() {return "addBook";}// 获取前端参数保存书籍信息并重定向到allBook页面@RequestMapping("/addBook")public String addBook(Books books) {bookService.addBook(books);return "redirect:/book/allBook";}

 添加书籍页面：addBook.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head><title>新增书籍</title><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><!-- 引入 Bootstrap --><link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container"><div class="row clearfix"><div class="col-md-12 column"><div class="page-header"><h1><small>新增书籍</small></h1></div></div></div><form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post">书籍名称：<input type="text" name="bookName"><br><br><br>书籍数量：<input type="text" name="bookCounts"><br><br><br>书籍详情：<input type="text" name="detail"><br><br><br><input type="submit" value="添加"></form>
</div>

3.修改书籍 

BookController 类编写 

    // 实现allBook页面想要修改书籍后按钮转跳updateBook// 获取这本的id，返回全部信息给updateBook页面@RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook")public String toUpdateBook(Model model,int id) {Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id);model.addAttribute("book",books);return "updateBook";}// 获取前端参数保存书籍信息并重定向到allBook页面@RequestMapping("/updateBook")public String updateBook(Books books, Model model) {bookService.updateBook(books);return "redirect:/book/allBook";}

修改书籍页面 updateBook.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head><title>修改信息</title><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><!-- 引入 Bootstrap --><link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container"><div class="row clearfix"><div class="col-md-12 column"><div class="page-header"><h1><small>修改信息</small></h1></div></div></div><form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post"><input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${book.getBookID()}"/>书籍名称：<input type="text" name="bookName" value="${book.getBookName()}"/>书籍数量：<input type="text" name="bookCounts" value="${book.getBookCounts()}"/>书籍详情：<input type="text" name="detail" value="${book.getDetail() }"/><input type="submit" value="提交"/></form>
</div>

4.删除书籍

  // 点击删除按钮，根据前端bookId删除书籍并重定向到allBook页面@RequestMapping("/del/{bookId}")public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookId") int id) {bookService.deleteBookById(id);return "redirect:/book/allBook";}

5.扩展查询功能 

前端页面增加一个输入框和查询按钮

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head><title>书籍列表</title><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><!-- 引入 Bootstrap --><link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container"><div class="row clearfix"><div class="col-md-12 column"><div class="page-header"><h1><small>书籍列表 —— 显示所有书籍</small></h1></div></div></div><div class="row"><div class="col-md-4 column"><a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a><a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">显示全部书籍</a></div><div class="col-md-8 column"><form class="form-inline" action="/book/queryBook" method="post" style="float: right"><span style="color:red;font-weight: bold">${error}</span><input type="text" name="queryBookName" class="form-control" placeholder="输入查询书名" required><input type="submit" value="查询" class="btn btn-primary"></form></div></div><div class="row clearfix"><div class="col-md-12 column"><table class="table table-hover table-striped"><thead><tr><th>书籍编号</th><th>书籍名字</th><th>书籍数量</th><th>书籍详情</th><th>操作</th></tr></thead><tbody><c:forEach var="book" items="${requestScope.get('allBook')}"><tr><td>${book.getBookID()}</td><td>${book.getBookName()}</td><td>${book.getBookCounts()}</td><td>${book.getDetail()}</td><td><a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.getBookID()}">更改</a> |<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.getBookID()}">删除</a></td></tr></c:forEach></tbody></table></div></div>
</div>

 Mapper接口

//根据id查询,返回一个Book
Books queryBookByName(String bookName);

Mapper.xml

<!--根据书名查询,返回一个Book-->
<select id="queryBookByName" resultType="Books">select * from ssmbuild.bookswhere bookName = #{bookName}
</select>

Service接口

//根据id查询,返回一个Book
Books queryBookByName(String bookName);

Service实现类

public Books queryBookByName(String bookName) {return bookMapper.queryBookByName(bookName);
}

完善Controller

    @RequestMapping("/queryBook")private String queryBook(String queryBookName,Model model) {// 如果查询的数据存在空格，则优化Books books = bookService.queryBookByName(queryBookName.trim());List<Books> list = new ArrayList<Books>();list.add(books);// 如果没有查出来书籍，则返回全部书籍列表\if (books == null) {list = bookService.queryAllBook();model.addAttribute("error", "没有找到本书！");}model.addAttribute("allBook",list);return "allBook";}