1.查看ubuntu版本（Ubuntu 24.04 LTS）
root@master:~# cat /etc/os-release
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 24.04 LTS"
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION_ID="24.04"
VERSION="24.04 LTS (Noble Numbat)"
VERSION_CODENAME=noble
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
UBUNTU_CODENAME=noble
LOGO=ubuntu-logo
root@master:~# 2.安装必要的依赖包
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade -y
sudo apt install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
3.添加Docker官方GPG密钥
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg
4. 添加Docker仓库
echo "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
5. 安装Docker
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
sudo systemctl start docker
sudo systemctl enable docker
sudo systemctl status docker
sudo docker --version
6.添加可用的apt源
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
{"registry-mirrors": ["https://docker.registry.cyou","https://docker-cf.registry.cyou","https://dockercf.jsdelivr.fyi","https://docker.jsdelivr.fyi","https://dockertest.jsdelivr.fyi","https://mirror.aliyuncs.com","https://dockerproxy.com","https://mirror.baidubce.com","https://docker.m.daocloud.io","https://docker.nju.edu.cn","https://docker.mirrors.sjtug.sjtu.edu.cn","https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn","https://mirror.iscas.ac.cn","https://docker.rainbond.cc"],"insecure-registries": ["0.0.0.0/0"],"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],"log-driver": "json-file","log-opts": {"max-size": "100m"},"storage-driver": "overlay2"
}
EOF
sudo systemctl restart docker #重启docker
7. 测试Docker
docker run hello-world
如果一切正常，你会看到一条欢迎消息，表示Docker已成功安装并运行。
至此，Docker已在Ubuntu 24.04上成功安装。