目录
- 一、概括
- 二、lmbench
一、概括
嵌入式开发中对要设计的产品、立项的项目进行设计时，往往需要对关键芯片进行性能评估，本文主要总结基于linux系统的产品在性能评估时的工具使用总结，在aarch64(arm64平台下测试)，板卡根文件系统为debian系统。
工具列表如下：
| 名称 | 作用 | git源码链接 |
|---|---|---|
| lmbench | 带宽测评，反应时间测评 | https://github.com/redrose2100/lmbench.git |
| stream | 内存带宽（每秒通过的字节数）测试 | https://github.com/jeffhammond/STREAM.git |
| unixbench | 测试 unix 系统基本性能，测试的结果不仅仅只是CPU,内存,或者磁盘为基准,还取决于硬件,操作系统版本,编译器. | https://github.com/kdlucas/byte-unixbench.git |
| cyclictest 和 stress-ng | 实时性测试 | 压力工具 git clone https://github.com/ColinIanKing/stress-ng.git ，测试工具git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/utils/rt-tests/rt-tests.git |
二、lmbench
1、编译
export CC=aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc
make clean
make
提示报错：
/opt/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu/bin/../lib/gcc/aarch64-linux-gnu/7.5.0/../../../../aarch64-linux-gnu/bin/ld: 找不到 -ltirpc
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Makefile:295: recipe for target '../bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/bw_file_rd' failed
make[2]: *** [../bin/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/bw_file_rd] Error 1
将script/build中的 LDLIBS=“-lm -ltirpc” 改成 LDLIBS=“-lm”
make 编译通过
2、将文件夹压缩后，拷贝到嵌入式板卡中解压
3、cp -r lmbench/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu lmbench/bin/aarch64-unknown-linux ，此句在板卡中操作
4、测试，以下命令在板卡中执行
cd scripts
./config-run
根据提示 第一个提示输入1 回车 ,第二个提示输入1 回车, 第三个提示输入 128 回车
随后一直回车
直到看到 是否发邮件 输入 no 回车, 等待产生文件配置文件
./results
等待测试结果
cd ../results
make summary percent 2>/dev/null | more > lmbench-result.txt
将lmbench-result.txt从板卡中导出
5、结果含义分析，示例结果如下
L M B E N C H 3 . 0 S U M M A R Y------------------------------------(Alpha software, do not distribute)Processor, Processes - times in microseconds - smaller is better
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Host OS Mhz null null open slct sig sig fork exec shcall I/O stat clos TCP inst hndl proc proc proc
--------- ------------- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
driver Linux 5.10.16 1797 0.31 0.37 0.97 2.51 5.25 0.50 2.42 174. 566. 1395Basic integer operations - times in nanoseconds - smaller is better
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Host OS intgr intgr intgr intgr intgrbit add mul div mod
--------- ------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------
driver Linux 5.10.16 0.3700 0.1400 0.0400 4.4600 5.4300Basic float operations - times in nanoseconds - smaller is better
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Host OS float float float floatadd mul div bogo
--------- ------------- ------ ------ ------ ------
driver Linux 5.10.16 2.2300 2.2300 6.1300 2.5100Basic double operations - times in nanoseconds - smaller is better
------------------------------------------------------------------
Host OS double double double doubleadd mul div bogo
--------- ------------- ------ ------ ------ ------
driver Linux 5.10.16 2.2300 2.2300 10.0 8.9100Context switching - times in microseconds - smaller is better
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Host OS 2p/0K 2p/16K 2p/64K 8p/16K 8p/64K 16p/16K 16p/64Kctxsw ctxsw ctxsw ctxsw ctxsw ctxsw ctxsw
--------- ------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------- -------
driver Linux 5.10.16 1.9100 2.0300 1.9300 3.0500 3.5400 3.32000 10.1*Local* Communication latencies in microseconds - smaller is better
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Host OS 2p/0K Pipe AF UDP RPC/ TCP RPC/ TCPctxsw UNIX UDP TCP conn
--------- ------------- ----- ----- ---- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----
driver Linux 5.10.16 1.910 7.999 11.9 17.0 24.4 67.File & VM system latencies in microseconds - smaller is better
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Host OS 0K File 10K File Mmap Prot Page 100fdCreate Delete Create Delete Latency Fault Fault selct
--------- ------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------- ----- ------- -----
driver Linux 5.10.16 15.6 13.0 34.8 19.4 1638.0 0.363 0.36280 2.550*Local* Communication bandwidths in MB/s - bigger is better
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Host OS Pipe AF TCP File Mmap Bcopy Bcopy Mem MemUNIX reread reread (libc) (hand) read write
--------- ------------- ---- ---- ---- ------ ------ ------ ------ ---- -----
driver Linux 5.10.16 2214 2956 1695 3266.6 9768.4 5202.6 5127.5 6420 7181.Memory latencies in nanoseconds - smaller is better(WARNING - may not be correct, check graphs)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Host OS Mhz L1 $ L2 $ Main mem Rand mem Guesses
--------- ------------- --- ---- ---- -------- -------- -------
driver Linux 5.10.16 1797 2.2270 4.9450 12.1 134.1结果解释：
Processor, Processes - times in microseconds - smaller is better
CPU处理性能各项时间数值越小越好，单位毫秒，包括：
| 结果名称 | 含义解释 |
|---|---|
| OS | OS版本 |
| Mhz | cpu动态运行的频率 |
| null call | 系统调用 |
| null I/O | 模拟操作IO设备的时间 |
| stat | stat 文件信息的时间 |
| open clos | 打开关闭文件的时间 |
| slct TCP | 网络连接的建立，管道，TCP，UDP 和RPC hot potato |
| sig inst | 信号安装时间 |
| sig hndl | 信号处理时间 |
| fork proc | fork一个进程的时间 |
| exec proc | 执行一个模拟进程的时间 |
| sh proc | shell脚本执行时间 |
Basic integer operations - times in nanoseconds - smaller is better
基本整形运算操作时间数值越小越好，单位：纳秒，包括
| 结果名称 | 解释说明 |
|---|---|
| OS | OS版本 |
| intgr bit | 位操作 |
| intgr add | 加法操作 |
| intgr mul | 乘法操作 |
| intgr div | 除法操作 |
| intgr mod | 取模操作 |
Basic float operations - times in nanoseconds - smaller is better
基本单精度浮点运算操作时间数值越小越好，单位：纳秒，包括：
Basic double operations - times in nanoseconds - smaller is better
基本双精度浮点运算操作时间数值越小越好，单位：纳秒，包括：
Context switching - times in microseconds - smaller is better
上下文切换操作时间数值越小越好，单位：毫秒，包括：
Local Communication latencies in microseconds - smaller is better
File & VM system latencies in microseconds - smaller is better
Local Communication bandwidths in MB/s - bigger is better
Memory latencies in nanoseconds - smaller is better