由于vector和string 非常相似,在这里我们讲简单对其进行讲解,其基本用法都是一样的,只不过是这次不是字符串了而是顺序表
1.遍历vector
#include<vector>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{vector<int>v1;vector<int>v2(10,1); //插入10个1vector<int>v3 = { 10,20,30,40 };v1.push_back(1);v1.push_back(14);v1.push_back(15);for (size_t i = 0; i < v1.size(); i++){cout << v1[i]<<" ";}cout << endl;vector<int>::iterator it1 = v3.begin();while (it1 != v3.end()){cout << *it1 << " ";it1++;}cout << endl;for (auto e : v2){cout << e << " ";}cout << endl;return 0;
}
结果如下:
注:只要能用迭代器的地方就能用范围for! 范围for本质就是迭代器!
2.扩容方式
void testvectorexpand()
{size_t sz;vector<int>v;//v.reserve(100);sz = v.capacity();for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++){v.push_back(i);if (sz != v.capacity()){sz = v.capacity();cout << "capacity changed:" << sz << endl;}}
}
说明是1.5倍扩容
3.简单应用
int main()
{vector<int>v1 = { 10,20,30,40,50 };v1.insert(v1.begin(), 1); //在0的位置插入1for (auto e : v1){cout << e << " ";}cout << endl;v1.insert(v1.begin() + 3, 5);for (auto e : v1){cout << e << " ";}cout << endl;vector<char>v2 = { 'a','b','c' }; //没有\0不兼容Cstring s1("abc"); //有\0,可以兼容Creturn 0;
}
4.排序,查找,以及与<list>的对比
#include<vector>
#include<iostream>
#include<list>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
int main()
{vector<int> v1 = { 1,5,-6,9,30 };list<int>lt1 = { 1,2,3,4,5 };vector<string>v2;vector<vector<int>>v3;string name1 = "赵刚";v2.push_back(name1); //有名v2.push_back(string("李华")); //匿名v2.push_back("李云龙"); //三种方式均可for (const auto& e : v2){cout << e << " ";}cout << endl;int x;cin >> x;//vector<int>::iterator it1 = find(v1.begin(), v1.end(), x);//上面写法过于冗长,可以简化一下:auto it1 = find(v1.begin(), v1.end(), x);if (it1 != v1.end()){cout << x << " existed!" << endl;}else{cout << x << " never existed!" << endl;}int y;cin >> y;auto it2 = find(lt1.begin(), lt1.end(), y);if (it2 != lt1.end()){cout<<y<< " existed!" << endl;}else{cout << y << " never existed!" << endl;}sort(v1.begin(), v1.end(), less<int>()); //greater:降序,less:升序for (const auto& ch : v1){cout << ch << " ";}cout << endl;sort(v1.begin(), v1.end(), greater<int>());for (const auto& ch : v1){cout << ch << " ";}return 0;
}
结果如下:
关于vector的更多应用这里就不在赘述了,基本上与<string>是一样的,仿照即可!