系统复习Java日志体系

一，我们采用硬编码体验一下几个使用比较多的日志

分别导入几种日志的 jar 包

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.fll</groupId><artifactId>log-system-study</artifactId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version><name>log-system-study</name><!-- FIXME change it to the project's website --><url>http://www.example.com</url><properties><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding><maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source><maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.11</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><!--  ===  log4j1 相关jar包  ====  --><!-- 单独导入 log4j1 --><dependency><groupId>log4j</groupId><artifactId>log4j</artifactId><version>1.2.17</version></dependency><!--  ===  log4j2 相关jar包  ===  --><!-- 单独导入 log4j2 --><dependency><groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId><artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId><version>2.13.3</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId><artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId><version>2.13.3</version></dependency><!--  === logback 相关jar包  ====  --><dependency><groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId><artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId><version>1.2.4</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId><artifactId>logback-core</artifactId><version>1.2.4</version></dependency></dependencies><build></build></project>

package com.fll;import ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext;
import ch.qos.logback.classic.util.ContextInitializer;
import ch.qos.logback.core.joran.spi.JoranException;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.spi.ExtendedLogger;
import org.junit.Test;import java.net.URL;
import java.util.logging.Logger;public class LoggerTest {/*** java自带的日志工具 * java.util.logging.Logger*/@Testpublic void julLogger() {Logger logger = Logger.getLogger("julLogger");//System.setProperty("-Djava.util.logging.config.file", "classpath:/logging.properties");//logger.setLevel(Level.FINE);logger.info("julLogger Hello World!");
//运行结果  显示红色
//七月 30, 2024 10:51:38 上午 com.fll.LoggerTest julLogger
//信息: julLogger Hello World!}/*** log4j1*/@Testpublic void log4JLogger(){org.apache.log4j.Logger log4JLogger = org.apache.log4j.Logger.getLogger("log4JLogger");log4JLogger.info("log4J_1_Logger Hello World!");
//运行结果
//[log4j_1] 2024-07-30 10:55:29,017 INFO [log4J_1_Logger] - log4J_1_Logger Hello World!}/*** log4j2*/@Testpublic void log4J_2_Logger(){ExtendedLogger logger= LogManager.getContext().getLogger("log4J_2_Logger");logger.info("log4J_2_Logger Hello World!");
//运行结果
//[log4j_2] line=41 10:55:50.050 [main]INFO  - log4J_2_Logger Hello World!}/*** logback*/@Testpublic void logBackLogger(){// Here we create contextLoggerContext loggerContext = new LoggerContext();//创建一个LoggerContext的初始化器,该初始化器可以通过configureByResource()方法,//使用指定的配置(xml，或者 properties)对LoggerContext实例进行初始化// Initializer is used to enrich context with detailsContextInitializer contextInitializer = new ContextInitializer(loggerContext);try {//获取我们的配置文件// Get a configuration file from classpathURL configurationUrl = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource("logback.xml");if (configurationUrl == null) {throw new IllegalStateException("Unable to find custom logback configuration file");}// 解析配置文件，将解析到的配置设置给 LoggerContext// Ask context initializer to load configuration into contextcontextInitializer.configureByResource(configurationUrl);// Here we get logger from contextch.qos.logback.classic.Logger logger = loggerContext.getLogger("logBackLogger");logger.info("logBackLogger Hello World!");
//运行结果
//[logback] 2024-07-30 10:57:03 [main] INFO  logBackLogger - logBackLogger Hello World!} catch (JoranException e) {throw new RuntimeException("Unable to configure logger", e);}}@Testpublic void logBackLogger1(){// Here we create contextLoggerContext loggerContext = new LoggerContext();// Initializer is used to enrich context with detailsContextInitializer contextInitializer = new ContextInitializer(loggerContext);try {//autoConfig 方法中 会先调用 findURLOfDefaultConfigurationFile()//获取一个默认的配置文件，// 然后调用configureByResource 对 loggerContext进行初始化// findURLOfDefaultConfigurationFile 逻辑是先获取环境变量 //logback.configurationFile// 配置的文件，找不到再找 logback-test.xml ，logback.groovy ， logback.xmlcontextInitializer.autoConfig();// Here we get logger from contextch.qos.logback.classic.Logger logger =     loggerContext.getLogger("logBackLogger");logger.info("logBackLogger Hello World!");//运行结果
//[logback] 2024-07-30 10:57:51 [main] INFO  logBackLogger - logBackLogger Hello World!} catch (JoranException e) {throw new RuntimeException("Unable to configure logger", e);}}}

 log4j的配置文件  log4j.properties

log4j.rootLogger=info, stdoutlog4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=[log4j_1] %d %p [%c] - %m%n

 log4j2的配置文件  log4j2.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration><appenders><Console name="Console" target="SYSTEM_OUT"><PatternLayout pattern="[log4j_2] line=%L %d{HH:mm:ss.sss} [%t]%highlight{%-5level} - %msg%n"/></Console><!-- <Console name="Console" target="SYSTEM_0UT"> --><!-- <PatternLayout pattern="file=%c line=%L %dHH:mm:ss.sss}[%t]%highlight{%-5level} %logger{36}-%msg%n"/> --><!-- </Console> --></appenders><loggers><root level="debug"><appender-ref ref="Console"/></root></loggers></configuration>

java.util.logging.Logger 配置文件 logging.properties

.level=WARNINGhandlers=java.util.logging.ConsoleHandlerjava.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.level=WARNING
java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.formatter=java.util.logging.SimpleFormatter

logback的配置文件 logback.xml

<configuration><appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender"><encoder><pattern>[logback] %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n</pattern></encoder></appender><root level="debug"><appender-ref ref="STDOUT" /></root></configuration>

二、采用 commons-logging 动态选用日志

<!--  ===  commons-logging 相关jar包  ==  -->
<dependency><groupId>commons-logging</groupId><artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId><version>1.2</version>
</dependency>

先只导入commons-logging.jar不导入其他的日志包

package com.fll;import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.junit.Test;public class CommonLoggingTest {@Testpublic void commonLogging(){Log logger = LogFactory.getLog("commonLogging");logger.info("commonLogging Hello World!");}}

 可以看到运行结果：日志打印采用的是 
class org.apache.commons.logging.impl.Jdk14Logger
内部封装的是 java.util.logging.Logger

除了commons-logging之外再导入 log4j1的 jar 包

<!--  ===  commons-logging 相关jar包  ==  -->
<dependency><groupId>commons-logging</groupId><artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId><version>1.2</version>
</dependency><!-- 单独导入 log4j1 -->
<dependency><groupId>log4j</groupId><artifactId>log4j</artifactId><version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>

  可以看到运行结果：日志打印采用的是 
class org.apache.commons.logging.impl.Log4JLogger