Element Plus 的图片上传组件主要通过 <el-upload> 实现，该组件支持多种配置和功能，如文件类型限制、文件大小限制、自动上传、手动上传、预览、删除等。以下是对 Element Plus 图片上传组件的详细介绍和使用示例：
功能概述
- 文件类型限制：可以指定允许上传的文件类型，如图片（jpg, png等）。
- 文件大小限制：可以限制上传文件的大小。
- 自动上传：选择文件后自动上传到服务器。
- 手动上传：选择文件后不立即上传，而是通过按钮手动触发上传。
- 预览：上传前或上传后可以预览图片。
- 删除：已上传的文件可以删除。
使用示例
以下是一个基本的 Element Plus 图片上传组件的使用示例，包括前端 Vue 组件代码和后端 Spring Boot 接口代码。
前端 Vue 组件基本调用
<template> <el-upload class="upload-demo" action="http://localhost:8080/upload/image" <!-- 后端接收上传文件的接口 --> :on-preview="handlePreview" :on-remove="handleRemove" :file-list="fileList" :auto-upload="false" <!-- 设置为false，则不自动上传 --> :http-request="customUpload" list-type="picture-card" > <i class="el-icon-plus"></i> </el-upload> <el-button slot="trigger" size="small" type="primary">选取文件</el-button> <el-button style="margin-left: 10px;" size="small" type="success" @click="submitUpload">上传到服务器</el-button> <el-dialog title="预览" :visible.sync="dialogVisible" width="30%" > <img :src="dialogImageUrl" class="dialog-image" /> </el-dialog>
</template> <script>
import { ref } from 'vue'; export default { setup() { const fileList = ref([]); const dialogImageUrl = ref(''); const dialogVisible = ref(false); const handlePreview = (file) => { dialogImageUrl.value = file.url; dialogVisible.value = true; }; const handleRemove = (file, fileList) => { console.log(file, fileList); }; const customUpload = (options) => { // 这里可以自定义上传逻辑，比如使用axios发送请求 // 这里只是简单模拟 console.log('自定义上传', options.file); // 假设上传成功，更新fileList // fileList.value.push({ name: options.file.name, url: '上传后的文件URL' }); }; const submitUpload = () => { // 这里可以调用自定义的上传函数，或者将fileList中的文件逐个上传 // 这里只是示例，没有实现具体的上传逻辑 console.log('提交上传', fileList.value); }; return { fileList, dialogImageUrl, dialogVisible, handlePreview, handleRemove, customUpload, submitUpload, }; },
};
</script> <style>
.dialog-image { width: 100%;
}
</style>DIY可视化二次扩展
输入上传式图片组件
<template><el-inputtype="text"ref="formImg":class="url && type == 'image' ? 'diygw-img-input' : ''"v-model="url"clearable:placeholder="'请选择' + title"><template #append><el-image:src="url"v-if="url && type == 'image'"style="width: 30px; height: 30px":preview-teleported="true":preview-src-list="[url]"></el-image><el-button @click="handleStorage"> 选择{{ title }} </el-button></template></el-input><diy-storage ref="storage" :type="type" :accept="accept" :limit="1" @confirm="getAttachmentFileList"></diy-storage>
</template><script lang="ts" setup>
import { nextTick, ref, defineEmits, watch } from 'vue';
import { useVModel } from '@vueuse/core';
import DiyStorage from './storage.vue';const props = defineProps({// 外部v-model值modelValue: {type: String,default: '',},title: {type: String,default: '',},type: {type: String,default: 'image',},accept: {type: String,default: 'image/*',},
});const storage = ref(null);const emit = defineEmits(['update:modelValue', 'change', 'blur']);const url = useVModel(props, 'modelValue', emit);const handleStorage = () => {nextTick(() => {storage.value!.handleStorageDlg('', '上传' + props.title);});
};
watch(url, () => {emit('change');emit('blur');
});
const formImg: EmptyObjectType = ref(null);
// 获取商品相册资源
const getAttachmentFileList = (files = <any>[]) => {if (!files.length) {return;}url.value = files[0].url;nextTick(() => {formImg.value?.input.focus();formImg.value?.input.blur();});
};
</script><style lang="scss" scoped>
.diygw-img-input ::v-deep(.el-input-group__append) {padding-left: 0px;
}
.diygw-img-input {::v-deep(.el-image) {margin-right: 15px;}
}
.sortable-ghost {opacity: 0;
}
</style>
多图式上传
<template><div style="line-height: 0; width: 100%" class="flex justify-start"><VueDraggabletag="ul"v-bind="{ animation: 200, disabled: false, ghostClass: 'ghost' }"v-model="imageList"class="el-upload-list el-upload-list--picture-card"group="subform"item-key="url"><li v-for="(item, index) in imageList" class="el-upload-list__item" :style="`width:${width}px; height:${height}px;`"><el-image :style="`width:100%; height:100%`" :src="item" fit="contain" /><span v-show="!state.isdrag" :class="{ 'el-upload-list__item-actions': true, 'diy-cm': isMove }"><SvgIcon style="color: #fff" name="ele-Plus" class="margin-right" @click="handleStorage(index)" :size="20" /><SvgIcon style="color: #fff" name="ele-Delete" @click="remove(index)" :size="20" /></span></li></VueDraggable><divv-if="limit == 0 || (imageList.length == 0 && limit == 1)"tabindex="0"style="margin-bottom: 8px"class="el-upload el-upload--picture-card":style="`width:${width}px; height:${height}px;`"@click="handleStorage(-1)"><SvgIcon name="ele-Plus" :size="20" /></div><diy-storage ref="storage" :limit="limit" @confirm="getAttachmentFileList"></diy-storage></div>
</template><script setup>
import { nextTick, ref, reactive } from 'vue';
import { useVModel } from '@vueuse/core';
import { VueDraggable } from 'vue-draggable-plus';import { ElMessageBox, useFormItem } from 'element-plus';import DiyStorage from './storage.vue';
const { formItem } = useFormItem();const props = defineProps({// 外部v-model值modelValue: {type: Array,default: () => [],},width: {default: 80,},height: {default: 80,},isMove: {default: true,},limit: {default: 0,},customer: {type: Object,required: false,default: () => {},},contractId: {required: false,default: '',},storageType: {type: String,required: false,default: '',},
});const state = reactive({isdrag: false,index: -1,
});
const storage = ref();const emit = defineEmits(['update:modelValue']);const imageList = useVModel(props, 'modelValue', emit);const handleStorage = (index = -1) => {state.index = index;nextTick(() => {storage.value.handleStorageDlg('', '上传图片');});
};
// 获取商品相册资源
const getAttachmentFileList = (files = []) => {if (!files.length) {return;}if (state.index != -1) {imageList.value[state.index] = files[state.index].url;} else {files.forEach((item) => {imageList.value.push(item.url);});}nextTick(() => {formItem?.validate?.('blur').catch((err) => {console.log(err);});formItem?.validate?.('change').catch((err) => {console.log(err);});});
};const remove = (index = -1) => {ElMessageBox({message: '是否删除该文件?',title: '警告',showCancelButton: true,confirmButtonText: '确定',cancelButtonText: '取消',type: 'warning',}).then(function () {imageList.value.splice(index, 1);});
};
</script><style lang="scss" scoped>
.sortable-ghost {opacity: 0;
}
</style>
上传组件调用
<template><el-dialog :title="title" top="5vh" v-model="visible" append-to-body center width="800px"><div class="flex storages"><div class="categorys diy-tree file-border flex flex-direction-column"><el-button type="primary" @click="handleAdd()">新增目录</el-button><div class="mt-1 text-center" plain :class="[!form.parentId ? 'selected' : '']" @click="selectCategory('')">全部</div><divclass="mt-1 p-1 text-center"plain:key="item":class="[form.parentId == item.storageId ? 'selected' : '']"@click="selectCategory(item.storageId)"v-for="item in categorys">{{ item.name }}</div></div><div class="flex1 file-border"><!-- 文件列表开始 --><div class="flex justify-between"><div class="diy-mb-20"><el-inputv-model="form.name"label-width="0px"placeholder="输入名称搜索"style="width: 250px"@keyup.enter.native="handleSearch()"@clear="handleSearch()":clearable="true"><template #suffix><SvgIcon @click="handleSearch" name="ele-Search" :size="20" /></template></el-input></div><diy-uploadref="upload":upload-tip="uploadConfig.uploadTip":multiple="uploadConfig.multiple":type="type":accept="accept":limit="uploadConfig.limit":parent-id="form.parentId"@confirm="_getUploadFileList"></diy-upload></div><div class="files" :max="limit !== 0 ? limit : 100"><div class="file-list" v-loading="loading"><div :key="index" v-for="(item, index) in currentTableData" class="item" :data-label="item.name" :class="item.selectclz"><divclass="file-image":style="{backgroundImage: 'url(' + getImageThumb(item) + ')',}"@click="selectFile(item)"></div><div class="file-name">{{ item.name }}</div><div class="mask" @click="selectFile(item)"><SvgIcon name="ele-Check" :size="20" /></div><div class="el-dropdown" @click="handleDelete(item.storageId)"><SvgIcon class="delete" name="ele-Delete" :size="20" /></div></div></div></div><!-- 翻页开始 --><diy-pagefooterstyle="margin: 0; padding: 20px 0 0 0":current="page.current":size="page.size":total="page.total":is-size="false"@change="handlePaginationChange"/></div></div><!-- 确认,取消 --><template #footer v-if="isSelect == '1'" class="dialog-footer"><div style="float: left; font-size: 13px"><span v-if="checkList.length > limit && limit !== 0" style="color: #f56c6c">当前已选 {{ checkList.length }} 个，最多允许选择 {{ limit }} 个文件</span><span v-else>当前已选 {{ checkList.length }} 个文件</span></div><el-button @click="visible = false">取消</el-button><el-button type="primary" :loading="loadingCollection" :disabled="checkList.length > limit && limit !== 0" @click="handleConfirm">确定</el-button></template></el-dialog><el-dialog :title="nameMap[nameStatus]" v-model="nameFormVisible" append-to-body center top="5vh" width="600px"><el-form :model="nameForm" :rules="rules" ref="refform" label-width="50px" label-position="left" @submit.native.prevent><el-form-item label="名称" prop="name"><el-input v-model="nameForm.name" placeholder="请输入目录名称" @keyup.enter.native="nameStatus === 'add' ? add() : rename()" ref="input" /></el-form-item></el-form><template #footer><el-button @click="nameFormVisible = false">取消</el-button><el-button v-if="nameStatus === 'add'" type="primary" :loading="dialogLoading" @click="add">确定</el-button><el-button v-else type="primary" :loading="dialogLoading" @click="rename">修改</el-button></template></el-dialog>
</template><script lang="ts">
import { defineComponent, reactive, ref, nextTick, toRefs } from 'vue';
import { listData, listAllData, addData, delData } from '@/api/index';
import { ElMessageBox, ElMessage } from 'element-plus';
import DiyUpload from './upload.vue';
import DiyPagefooter from './pagefooter.vue';export default defineComponent({name: 'DiyStorage',components: {DiyUpload,DiyPagefooter,},props: {type: {default: 'image',},accept: {default: 'image/*',},// 最大选择数(0表示不限制)limit: {type: Number,required: false,default: 0,},isSelect: {default: '1',},},setup(props, { emit }) {const data = reactive({baseUrl: '',title: '',isLoad: false,icontype: 'default',visible: false,loading: false,uploadConfig: {uploadTip: '请选择文件进行上传，',multiple: true,accept: 'image/*',limit: 0,type: 'image',replace: false,},storageType: props.type,source: '',loadingCollection: false,checkList: [],categorys: [],syscategorys: [],currentTableData: [],currentSysTableData: [],searchSysTableData: [],dialogLoading: false,nameForm: {type: '',name: undefined,parentId: undefined,},nameFormVisible: false,nameStatus: 'edit',nameMap: {edit: '重命名',add: '新增目录',},iconfonturl: '',rules: {name: [{required: true,message: '目录名称不能为空',trigger: 'blur',},{max: 255,message: '长度不能大于 255 个字符',trigger: 'blur',},],},form: {name: undefined,parentId: undefined,order_type: 'desc',order_field: 'storageId',},sysform: {parentId: 'icon1',name: '',type: 'system',},page: {current: 1,size: 15,total: 0,},});const upload = ref(null);const getImageThumb = (item: any) => {if (item.type == 'mp3') {return '/static/images/mp3.png';} else if (item.type == 'mp4') {return '/static/images/mp3.png';} else if (item.type == 'image' || item.type == 'scene') {return item.url;} else {return '/static/images/file.png';}};const handleStorageDlg = (source = '', title = '') => {data.title = title ? title : '文件管理';// if (type == 'mp3') {// data.uploadConfig.accept = '.mp3';// } else if (type == 'mp4') {// data.uploadConfig.accept = '.mp4';// } else {// data.uploadConfig.accept = 'image/*';// }data.visible = true;data.storageType = props.type;data.source = source;data.checkList = [];data.currentTableData.forEach((item: any) => {item.selectclz = '';});if (!data.isLoad) {data.loadingCollection = false;data.currentTableData = [];data.uploadConfig.type = props.type;handleSubmit();nextTick(() => {getStorageDirectory();if (upload.value) {upload.value?.handleClose();}});}};const handlePaginationChange = (val: any) => {data.page = val;nextTick(() => {handleSubmit();});};const handleSearch = () => {data.page.current = 1;handleSubmit();};const handleSubmit = () => {data.loading = true;listData('/sys/storage', {...data.form,type: data.storageType,pageNum: data.page.current,pageSize: data.page.size,}).then((res) => {data.currentTableData = res.rows || [];data.page.total = res.total;data.isLoad = true;}).finally(() => {data.loading = false;});};const handleSysSubmit = () => {data.loading = true;listData('/sys/storage', {...data.sysform,}).then((res) => {data.currentSysTableData = res.rows || [];data.searchSysTableData = res.rows || [];}).finally(() => {data.loading = false;});};const handleSyscatesSubmit = () => {data.loading = true;listData('/sys/storage', {...data.sysform,}).then((res) => {data.syscategorys = res.rows || [];data.sysform.type = 'system';data.sysform.parentId = res.rows[0].storageId;handleSysSubmit();}).finally(() => {data.loading = false;});};const handleSysSearch = () => {let findData = data.currentSysTableData.filter((item: any) => {return item.name.indexOf(data.sysform.name) >= 0 || item.cname.indexOf(data.sysform.name) >= 0;});data.searchSysTableData = findData;};const handleAllSearch = () => {if (data.loading) {ElMessage.error('点击过快，正在加载数据');return;}data.sysform.parentId = '';handleSysSubmit();};const handleConfirm = () => {if (data.checkList.length <= 0) {emit('confirm', [], data.source);data.visible = false;return;}let checkList = data.checkList;// let finddata = data.currentTableData.filter((item) => {// return checkList.includes(item.storageId);// });// let finddata2 = data.currentSysTableData.filter((item) => {// return checkList.includes(item.storageId);// });// finddata = finddata.concat(finddata2)data.loadingCollection = false;//data.checkList = [];data.visible = false;emit('confirm', checkList || [], data.source);};// 上传文件// const handleUpload = () => {// upload.value.handleUploadDlg();// };const selectCategory = (id: any) => {if (data.loading) {ElMessage.error('点击过快，正在加载数据');return;}data.form.parentId = id;handleSubmit();};const selectSystemCategory = (item: any) => {if (data.loading) {ElMessage.error('点击过快，正在加载数据');return;}data.sysform.name = '';data.iconfonturl = item.url;data.sysform.parentId = item.storageId;handleSysSubmit();};const selectFile = (item: any) => {if (props.limit === 1) {data.currentSysTableData.forEach((item: any) => {item.selectclz = '';});data.currentTableData.forEach((item: any) => {item.selectclz = '';});let index = data.checkList.findIndex((checkitem: any) => {return checkitem == item.storageId;});if (index >= 0) {data.checkList.splice(index, 1);item.selectclz = '';} else if (data.checkList.length > 0) {data.checkList.splice(0, 1, item);item.selectclz = 'active';} else {data.checkList.push(item);item.selectclz = 'active';}} else {let index = data.checkList.findIndex((checkitem: any) => {return checkitem.storageId == item.storageId;});if (index >= 0) {data.checkList.splice(index, 1);item.selectclz = '';} else {data.checkList.push(item);item.selectclz = 'active';}}};// 批量删除const handleDelete = (val: any) => {const storageId = val ? [val] : data.checkList;if (storageId.length === 0) {ElMessage.error('请选择要操作的数据');return;}ElMessageBox.confirm('确定要执行该操作吗?', '提示', {confirmButtonText: '确定',cancelButtonText: '取消',type: 'warning',closeOnClickModal: false,}).then(() => {delData('/sys/storage', storageId).then(() => {for (let i = data.currentTableData.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {if (storageId.indexOf(data.currentTableData[i].storageId) !== -1) {data.currentTableData.splice(i, 1);}}ElMessage.success('操作成功');});}).catch(() => {});};// 文件上传成功后处理const _getUploadFileList = (files: any) => {for (const value of files) {let stroage = value.response.data;let index = data.currentTableData.findIndex((item: any) => {return item.url == stroage.url;});if (index == 0) {continue;}if (index > 0) {data.currentTableData.splice(index, 1);}data.currentTableData.splice(0, 0, stroage);}};const refform = ref();const refinput = ref();// 获取可选择目录const getStorageDirectory = () => {//if (!this.directoryList.length) {listAllData('/sys/storage', { type: 'category' }).then((res) => {data.categorys = res.rows;});};const add = () => {refform.value.validate((valid: boolean) => {if (valid) {data.dialogLoading = true;data.nameForm.type = 'category';addData('/sys/storage', { ...data.nameForm }).then((res) => {data.categorys.unshift({...res.data,is_default: 0,});//getStorageDirectory();data.nameFormVisible = false;ElMessage.success('操作成功');}).catch(() => {data.dialogLoading = false;});}});};const rename = () => {refform.value.validate((valid: boolean) => {if (valid) {data.dialogLoading = true;// renameStorageItem(data.nameForm.storageId, data.nameForm.name)// .then(res => {// data.currentTableData[data.nameForm.index].name = data.nameForm.name// // data.directoryList = []// getStorageDirectory()// data.nameFormVisible = false// data.$message.success('操作成功')// })// .catch(() => {// data.dialogLoading = false// })}});};const handleAdd = () => {data.nameForm['name'] = undefined;data.nameForm['parentId'] = data.form.parentId;data.dialogLoading = false;data.nameStatus = 'add';data.nameFormVisible = true;nextTick(() => {refform.value.clearValidate();});};// for(let i=1 ;i<=9;i++){// data.syscategorys.push({// id:'icon'+i,// name:'图标库'+i// })// }const handleClick = () => {if (data.syscategorys.length == 0 && data.icontype == 'system') {data.sysform.type = 'systemcategorys';handleSyscatesSubmit();}};return {refform,refinput,selectSystemCategory,rename,add,handleAdd,handleClick,...toRefs(data),_getUploadFileList,selectCategory,getImageThumb,selectFile,handleDelete,handleSearch,handleAllSearch,handleConfirm,handlePaginationChange,handleStorageDlg,handleSysSearch,};},
});
</script>
<style>
.storages .el-input__suffix {top: 5px;height: auto;
}
</style>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
.breadcrumb {border: 1px solid #dcdfe6;padding: 10px !important;
}
.files {height: 50vh;
}
.file-height {min-height: calc(40vw - 190px);
}
.file-list {list-style: none;padding: 0;margin: 0;display: flex;flex-wrap: wrap;:deep(.el-loading-mask) {background-color: transparent;}
}
.mt-1 {margin-top: 0.25rem;
}
.p-1 {padding: 0.25rem;
}
.delete {color: #fff;
}
.file-list .item {flex: none;position: relative;width: calc(20% - 20px);margin: 10px;text-align: center;vertical-align: middle;.file-image {width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: #eee;border-radius: 4px;background-size: contain;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-position: 50% 50%;position: absolute;left: 0;top: 0;}&:before {content: '';display: inline-block;padding-bottom: 100%;width: 0.1px;vertical-align: middle;}.file-name {position: absolute;bottom: 0;left: 0;width: 100%;line-height: 34px;height: 34px;background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);color: #fff;text-align: center;z-index: 2;border-bottom-left-radius: 4px;border-bottom-right-radius: 4px;text-overflow: ellipsis;overflow: hidden;white-space: nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;}.mask {position: absolute;top: 0;right: 0;bottom: 0;left: 0;z-index: 5;background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);text-align: center;display: none;width: 100%;height: 100%;color: #fff;font-size: 40px;background: rgba(66, 139, 202, 0.8);}.el-dropdown {position: absolute;width: 34px;line-height: 34px;text-align: center;background-color: #3296fa;cursor: pointer;bottom: 0;right: 0;z-index: 6;display: none;}&:hover {&:after {position: absolute;bottom: -20px;left: 0px;position: absolute;padding: 3px 5px;font-size: 12px;font-weight: 700;color: #fff;white-space: nowrap;background-color: #006eff;border-radius: 3px;content: attr(data-label);}.el-dropdown {display: block;}}&.active {.mask {display: flex;align-items: center;justify-content: center;}}
}.brother-showing i {width: 16px;
}
.diy-mb-5 {margin-bottom: 5px !important;
}
.diy-tree {width: 200px;
}
.file-border {border: 1px solid #dcdfe6;padding: 10px;:deep(.el-form-item__content) {margin-left: 0 !important;}.selected {border: 1px solid var(--el-color-primary);border-radius: 3px;color: var(--el-color-primary);}
}.tree-scroll {overflow: auto;padding-bottom: 1px;
}
.custom-tree-node {flex: 1;display: flex;align-items: center;justify-content: space-between;font-size: 14px;padding-right: 8px;
}.diy-table {display: table-row;
}
.diy-cell {display: table-cell;
}
</style>