openwrt 23.05.2 稳定版本 导入树莓派4B
强烈建议新手使用稳定版本
这里真的非常感谢这篇博客提供了大量支持，本文有大量篇幅抄袭。
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_44730817/article/details/135258664
编译系统（Build system usage）
下载源代码（Downloading sources）
Clone the Git repository using the following command.
git clone https://git.openwrt.org/openwrt/openwrt.git [<buildroot>]//如果直接下载到当前路径[<buildroot>]可以省略//如果不想到当前目录，其中 [] 替换为你的编译目录，比如我的为 ~/tmp/build/openwrt/
选择一个指定稳定版本 v23.05.2
git branch -agit taggit checkout v23.05.2//这里其实是git切换分支到子仓库
更新 Feed
./scripts/feeds update -a./scripts/feeds install -a//如果运行显示找不到可以先运行下面的apt search qemu-img --- 查找文件名apt install qemu-utils -- 得到文件名，install
因为网络环境的问题，建议重复执行上面的命令直到能够看到完全正常为止，正常如下
重复运行 ./scripts/feeds update -a 直到显示如下
shenyanwu@shenyanwu:~/tmp/build/openwrt$ ./scripts/feeds update -a
Updating feed 'packages' from 'https://git.openwrt.org/feed/packages.git^8e3a1824645f5e73ec44c897ac0755c53fb4a1f8' ...
Updating feed 'luci' from 'https://git.openwrt.org/project/luci.git^7739e9f5b03b830f51d53c384be4baef95054cb3' ...
Updating feed 'routing' from 'https://git.openwrt.org/feed/routing.git^83ef3784a9092cfd0a900cc28e2ed4e13671d667' ...
Updating feed 'telephony' from 'https://git.openwrt.org/feed/telephony.git^9746ae8f964e18f04b64fbe1956366954ff223f8' ...
Create index file './feeds/packages.index'
Create index file './feeds/luci.index'
Create index file './feeds/routing.index'
Create index file './feeds/telephony.index'
shenyanwu@shenyanwu:~/tmp/build/openwrt$
重复运行 ./scripts/feeds install -a 直到显示如下
shenyanwu@shenyanwu:~/tmp/build/openwrt$ ./scripts/feeds install -a
Collecting package info: package/feeds/packages/udp-broadcast-relay-redux-openwr
Collecting package info: done
Installing all packages from feed packages.
Installing all packages from feed luci.
Installing all packages from feed routing.
Installing all packages from feed telephony.
shenyanwu@shenyanwu:~/tmp/build/openwrt$
我的版本是 23.05.2，树莓派4B
如果你的设备不是树莓派，你可以在官方的下载目录去找到与你设备芯片对应的配置文件链接: 传送门
编译镜像配置
make menuconfig
运行此命令后等待片刻则会出现配置选择，通过上下方向键 ↑ ↓ 进行选择，回车键 ↵ 进入，空格键 Space 选择，其中选项前面的 表示编译为独立的包，即类似安装包，不会在编译好的系统中存在，需要另外安装， <*> 表示编译为内建包，即相当于直接编译至系统内部，不需要另外再安装，连续按下两次退出键 ESC 返回上一级目录，最后保存好的配置文件将会在当前的 OpenWrt 目录下生成一个名为 .config 的隐藏文件
我们在上一步已经导入了官方的config配置文件，这一步可以不执行，但是可以进去看看学习参考。
在编译命令之前，可以运行一个检查命令，用来检查你的依赖项，包的一些先决条件等是否满足要求，还会从中删除过时的项目，例如对不存在的软件包或配置选项的引用
make defconfig
我的运行如下图所示：
shenyanwu@shenyanwu:~/tmp/build/openwrt$ make defconfig
tmp/.config-package.in:33826:error: recursive dependency detected!
tmp/.config-package.in:33826: symbol PACKAGE_python3-pymysql depends on PYTHON3_PYMYSQL_SHA_PASSWORD_SUPPORT
feeds/packages/lang/python/pymysql/Config.in:4: symbol PYTHON3_PYMYSQL_SHA_PASSWORD_SUPPORT depends on PACKAGE_python3-pymysql
For a resolution refer to Documentation/kbuild/kconfig-language.rst
subsection "Kconfig recursive dependency limitations"#
# configuration written to .config
#
shenyanwu@shenyanwu:~/tmp/build/openwrt$
此处检测到发生了一个依赖错误，通过查询 OpenWrt 官方 Github 的 issues，找到解决方案，链接 issues #22668
问题在于 feeds/packages/lang/python/pymysql 路径下 Makefile 里面的依赖冲突，该 issues 给出了解决方案，对 Makefile 文件修改如下，其中段落前面的 - 代表需要删除的部分， + 代表需要增添的部分
## Copyright (C) Alexandru Ardelean <ardeleanalex@gmail.com>## This is free software, licensed under the GNU General Public License v2.# See /LICENSE for more information.#include $(TOPDIR)/rules.mkPKG_NAME:=pymysqlPKG_VERSION:=1.0.2
-PKG_RELEASE:=1
+PKG_RELEASE:=2PYPI_NAME:=PyMySQLPKG_HASH:=816927a350f38d56072aeca5dfb10221fe1dc653745853d30a216637f5d7ad36PKG_MAINTAINER:=Alexandru Ardelean <ardeleanalex@gmail.com>PKG_LICENSE:=MITPKG_LICENSE_FILES:=LICENSEPKG_CONFIG_DEPENDS:=CONFIG_PYTHON3_PYMYSQL_SHA_PASSWORD_SUPPORTinclude ../pypi.mkinclude $(INCLUDE_DIR)/package.mkinclude ../python3-package.mk-define Package/python3-pymysql
+define Package/python3-pymysql/DefaultSUBMENU:=PythonSECTION:=langCATEGORY:=LanguagesTITLE:=Pure Python MySQL ClientURL:=https://pymysql.readthedocs.io/
- DEPENDS:=+python3 +PYTHON3_PYMYSQL_SHA_PASSWORD_SUPPORT:python3-cryptographyendef-define Package/python3-pymysql/config
- source "$(SOURCE)/Config.in"
+define Package/python3-pymysql
+$(call Package/python3-pymysql/Default)
+ DEPENDS:=+python3endefdefine Package/python3-pymysql/descriptionThis package contains a pure-Python MySQL client library, based on PEP 249.endef+define Package/python3-pymysql-sha-pwd
+$(call Package/python3-pymysql/Default)
+ TITLE+=w/ SHA256 password auth
+ DEPENDS:=+python3-pymysql $(RUST_ARCH_DEPENDS) +PACKAGE_python3-pymysql-sha-pwd:python3-cryptography
+endef+define Package/python3-pymysql-sha-pwd/description
+ This is a meta-package installing python3-pymysql and python3-cryptography
+ packages to be able to use pymysql with “sha256_password” or
+ “caching_sha2_password” for authentication.
+endef
+
+define Package/python3-pymysql-sha-pwd/install
+ true
+endef$(eval $(call Py3Package,python3-pymysql))$(eval $(call BuildPackage,python3-pymysql))$(eval $(call BuildPackage,python3-pymysql-src))
+$(eval $(call BuildPackage,python3-pymysql-sha-pwd))
修改后的完整文件如下
#
# Copyright (C) Alexandru Ardelean <ardeleanalex@gmail.com>
#
# This is free software, licensed under the GNU General Public License v2.
# See /LICENSE for more information.
#include $(TOPDIR)/rules.mkPKG_NAME:=pymysql
PKG_VERSION:=1.0.2
PKG_RELEASE:=2PYPI_NAME:=PyMySQL
PKG_HASH:=816927a350f38d56072aeca5dfb10221fe1dc653745853d30a216637f5d7ad36PKG_MAINTAINER:=Alexandru Ardelean <ardeleanalex@gmail.com>
PKG_LICENSE:=MIT
PKG_LICENSE_FILES:=LICENSEPKG_CONFIG_DEPENDS:=CONFIG_PYTHON3_PYMYSQL_SHA_PASSWORD_SUPPORTinclude ../pypi.mk
include $(INCLUDE_DIR)/package.mk
include ../python3-package.mkdefine Package/python3-pymysql/DefaultSUBMENU:=PythonSECTION:=langCATEGORY:=LanguagesTITLE:=Pure Python MySQL ClientURL:=https://pymysql.readthedocs.io/
endefdefine Package/python3-pymysql
$(call Package/python3-pymysql/Default)DEPENDS:=+python3
endefdefine Package/python3-pymysql/descriptionThis package contains a pure-Python MySQL client library, based on PEP 249.
endefdefine Package/python3-pymysql-sha-pwd
$(call Package/python3-pymysql/Default)TITLE+=w/ SHA256 password authDEPENDS:=+python3-pymysql $(RUST_ARCH_DEPENDS) +PACKAGE_python3-pymysql-sha-pwd:python3-cryptography
endefdefine Package/python3-pymysql-sha-pwd/descriptionThis is a meta-package installing python3-pymysql and python3-cryptographypackages to be able to use pymysql with “sha256_password” or“caching_sha2_password” for authentication.
endefdefine Package/python3-pymysql-sha-pwd/installtrue
endef$(eval $(call Py3Package,python3-pymysql))
$(eval $(call BuildPackage,python3-pymysql))
$(eval $(call BuildPackage,python3-pymysql-src))
$(eval $(call BuildPackage,python3-pymysql-sha-pwd))
修改完成后重新运行 make defconfig，结果如下
shenyanwu@shenyanwu:~/tmp/build/openwrt$ make defconfigCollecting package info: done## configuration written to .config#shenyanwu@shenyanwu:~/tmp/build/openwrt$
下载相关源以及多核编译的依赖（Download sources and multi core compile）
make download
此命令将会预先下载你依赖的所有源代码，同时开启支持多核编译的功能，这样你才可以成功编译，并且使用多核编译提升编译速度
编译镜像（Building images）
make -j $(($(nproc)+1))
这个命令属于多核编译开启，使用你所有的核心进行编译，当然如果你想使用指定核心数量编译，请在 -j 命令后指定核心数，例如单核编译
make -j1
当然你要是不放心之前下载的相关源以及多核编译的依赖，你可以执行下面的代码，在编译前重新下载一次，然后自动开始编译
make -j $(nproc) download world
你可能在别的教程里面见过在命令后面还有 V=sc 或者 V=s，这是打开日志显示，在你编译出错排错时，会在终端进行显示错误信息，对于排除错误很有用，比如以下命令会输出很多日志提供错误帮助
make -j1 download world V=s
建议在第一次编译时，如果你不确定你的配置项都满足编译要求，可以使用单核，日志输出编译 make -j1 V=s 来确保出错后进行排除。