GitHub传送门
问题点
Android 7.0
-
新增FileProvider
-
图片裁减需要的临时权限
intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION | Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);
Android 10
- 只能读取自己APP目录下的文件
Unable to open '/storage/emulated/0/: Permission denied
可以添加requestLegacyExternalStorage解决
<applicationandroid:name=".application.MyApplication"android:requestLegacyExternalStorage="true"
>Android 11
- 需要通过MediaStore API 插入file
Android 13
- 打开相册不再是
READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE而是READ_MEDIA_IMAGES权限
android.permission.READ_MEDIA_IMAGES
根据Uri获取文件绝对路径，解决Android4.4以上版本Uri转换 兼容Android 10
package portrait.bala.portrait;import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.content.ContentResolver;
import android.content.ContentUris;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.os.FileUtils;
import android.provider.DocumentsContract;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.provider.OpenableColumns;
import android.text.TextUtils;import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi;/*** Created by Administrator on 2017/7/12 0012.*/public class FileUtil {/*** 根据Uri获取文件绝对路径，解决Android4.4以上版本Uri转换 兼容Android 10** @param context* @param imageUri*/public static String getFileAbsolutePath(Context context, Uri imageUri) {if (context == null || imageUri == null) {return null;}//4.4以下的版本if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {return getRealFilePath(context, imageUri);}//大于4.4，小于10if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT && android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.Q && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, imageUri)) {if (isExternalStorageDocument(imageUri)) {String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(imageUri);String[] split = docId.split(":");String type = split[0];if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];}} else if (isDownloadsDocument(imageUri)) {String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(imageUri);Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads" +"/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(id));return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);} else if (isMediaDocument(imageUri)) {String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(imageUri);String[] split = docId.split(":");String type = split[0];Uri contentUri = null;if ("image".equals(type)) {contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;} else if ("video".equals(type)) {contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;} else if ("audio".equals(type)) {contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;}String selection = MediaStore.Images.Media._ID + "=?";String[] selectionArgs = new String[]{split[1]};return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);}}// MediaStore (and general) 大于等于10if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {return uriToFileApiQ(context, imageUri);} else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(imageUri.getScheme())) {// Return the remote addressif (isGooglePhotosUri(imageUri)) {return imageUri.getLastPathSegment();}if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) {return getFilePathFromUri(context, imageUri); //content 类型} else {return getDataColumn(context, imageUri, null, null);}}// Fileelse if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(imageUri.getScheme())) {return imageUri.getPath();}return null;}private static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection,String[] selectionArgs) {Cursor cursor = null;String column = MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA;String[] projection = {column};try {cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null);if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {int index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);return cursor.getString(index);}}catch (Exception E){E.printStackTrace();}finally {if (cursor != null) {cursor.close();}}return null;}private static String getRealFilePath(final Context context, final Uri uri) {if (null == uri) {return null;}final String scheme = uri.getScheme();String data = null;if (scheme == null) {data = uri.getPath();} else if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_FILE.equals(scheme)) {data = uri.getPath();} else if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT.equals(scheme)) {String[] projection = {MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATA};Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, null, null, null);if (null != cursor) {if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {int index = cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATA);if (index > -1) {data = cursor.getString(index);}}cursor.close();}}return data;}private static String getFilePathFromUri(Context context, Uri uri) {String realFilePath = getRealFilePath(context, uri); //防止获取不到真实的地址，因此这里需要进行判断if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(realFilePath)) {return realFilePath;}File filesDir = context.getApplicationContext().getFilesDir();String fileName = getFileName(uri);if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(fileName)) {File copyFile1 = new File(filesDir + File.separator + fileName);copyFile(context, uri, copyFile1);return copyFile1.getAbsolutePath();}return null;}private static void copyFile(Context context, Uri srcUri, File dstFile) {try {InputStream inputStream = context.getContentResolver().openInputStream(srcUri);if (inputStream == null) {return;}OutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(dstFile);copyStream(inputStream, outputStream);inputStream.close();outputStream.close();} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}private static int copyStream(InputStream input, OutputStream output) {final int BUFFER_SIZE = 1024 * 2;byte[] buffer = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];BufferedInputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(input, BUFFER_SIZE);BufferedOutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(output, BUFFER_SIZE);int count = 0, n = 0;try {while ((n = in.read(buffer, 0, BUFFER_SIZE)) != -1) {out.write(buffer, 0, n);count += n;}out.flush();} catch (Exception e) {} finally {try {out.close();in.close();} catch (Exception e) {}}return count;}private static String getFileName(Uri uri) {if (uri == null) {return null;}String fileName = null;String path = uri.getPath();int cut = path.lastIndexOf('/');if (cut != -1) {fileName = path.substring(cut + 1);}return fileName;}/*** @param uri The Uri to check.* @return Whether the Uri authority is MediaProvider.*/private static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());}/*** @param uri The Uri to check.* @return Whether the Uri authority is ExternalStorageProvider.*/private static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());}/*** @param uri The Uri to check.* @return Whether the Uri authority is DownloadsProvider.*/private static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());}/*** @param uri The Uri to check.* @return Whether the Uri authority is Google Photos.*/private static boolean isGooglePhotosUri(Uri uri) {return "com.google.android.apps.photos.content".equals(uri.getAuthority());}/*** Android 10 以上适配** @param context* @param uri* @return*/@RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.Q)private static String uriToFileApiQ(Context context, Uri uri) {File file = null;//android10以上转换if (uri.getScheme().equals(ContentResolver.SCHEME_FILE)) {file = new File(uri.getPath());} else if (uri.getScheme().equals(ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT)) {//把文件复制到沙盒目录ContentResolver contentResolver = context.getContentResolver();Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(uri, null, null, null, null);if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {@SuppressLint("Range") String displayName =cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(OpenableColumns.DISPLAY_NAME));try {InputStream is = contentResolver.openInputStream(uri);File file1 =new File(context.getExternalCacheDir().getAbsolutePath() + "/" + System.currentTimeMillis());if (!file1.exists()) {file1.mkdir();}File cache = new File(file1.getPath(), displayName);FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(cache);FileUtils.copy(is, fos);file = cache;fos.close();is.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}return file.getAbsolutePath();}/*** 获取目录文件大小** @param dir* @return*/public static long getDirSize(File dir) {if (dir == null) {return 0;}if (!dir.isDirectory()) {return 0;}long dirSize = 0;File[] files = dir.listFiles();for (File file : files) {if (file.isFile()) {dirSize += file.length();} else if (file.isDirectory()) {dirSize += file.length();dirSize += getDirSize(file); // 递归调用继续统计}}return dirSize;}/*** 转换文件大小** @param fileS* @return B/KB/MB/GB*/public static String formatFileSize(long fileS) {java.text.DecimalFormat df = new java.text.DecimalFormat("#.00");String fileSizeString = "";if (fileS < 1024) {fileSizeString = df.format((double) fileS) + "B";} else if (fileS < 1048576) {fileSizeString = df.format((double) fileS / 1024) + "KB";} else if (fileS < 1073741824) {fileSizeString = df.format((double) fileS / 1048576) + "MB";} else {fileSizeString = df.format((double) fileS / 1073741824) + "G";}return fileSizeString;}public static File saveFile(String filePath,String fileName, Bitmap bitmap){ByteArrayOutputStream baos =new ByteArrayOutputStream();bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG,100,baos);byte[] bytes = baos.toByteArray();try {File file = new File(filePath, fileName);FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file);fos.write(bytes);fos.close();return file;} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();return null;}}
}完整代码
package portrait.bala.portrait;import android.Manifest;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;import java.io.File;import androidx.activity.ComponentActivity;
import androidx.activity.result.ActivityResultLauncher;
import androidx.activity.result.contract.ActivityResultContracts;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;
import androidx.core.content.FileProvider;import static android.os.Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES;public class MainActivity extends ComponentActivity {//改变头像的标记位private ImageView headImage = null;private final int PERMISSION_CAMERA = 0;//读和相机权限private final int PERMISSION_READ = 1;//读取权限private final String picPermission = PermissionUtil.getReadImgPermission();private Uri fileUri;private boolean isToCrop = true;private ActivityResultLauncher<Intent> cropLauncher;private ActivityResultLauncher<Intent> takePhotoLauncher;private ActivityResultLauncher<Intent> albumLauncher;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);headImage = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView);Button buttonLocal = (Button) findViewById(R.id.buttonLocal);buttonLocal.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {checkPicPermission();}});Button buttonCamera = (Button) findViewById(R.id.buttonCamera);buttonCamera.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {checkCameraPermission();//检查是否有权限}});cropLauncher =registerForActivityResult(new ActivityResultContracts.StartActivityForResult(), result -> {if (result.getResultCode() != Activity.RESULT_OK) return;setImageToHeadView(result.getData().getData());});albumLauncher =registerForActivityResult(new ActivityResultContracts.StartActivityForResult(), result -> {Log.d("eeeeee", "getData===" + result.getData().getData());if (result.getResultCode() != Activity.RESULT_OK) return;try {if (isToCrop) {cropRawPhoto(result.getData().getData());} else {setImageToHeadView(result.getData().getData());}} catch (Exception e) {Log.d("eeeeee", "albumLauncher====Exception");e.printStackTrace();}});takePhotoLauncher =registerForActivityResult(new ActivityResultContracts.StartActivityForResult(), result -> {if (result.getResultCode() != Activity.RESULT_OK) return;try {if (isToCrop) {cropRawPhoto(fileUri);} else {setImageToHeadView(fileUri);}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}});}// 从本地相册选取图片作为头像private void choseHeadImageFromGallery() {Intent intentFromGallery = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, null);intentFromGallery.setDataAndType(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, "image/*");
// startActivityForResult(intentFromGallery, CODE_GALLERY_REQUEST);albumLauncher.launch(intentFromGallery);}// 启动手机相机拍摄照片作为头像private void choseHeadImageFromCameraCapture() {File file = buildTemporaryFile();Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) { //如果是7.0以上，使用FileProvider，否则会报错intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);fileUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(this,getPackageName() + ".fileProvider", file);intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, fileUri); //设置拍照后图片保存的位置}intent.putExtra("outputFormat", Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG.toString()); //设置图片保存的格式takePhotoLauncher.launch(intent);}private void checkCameraPermission() {int result = ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.CAMERA);if (result == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {String[] permissions = {Manifest.permission.CAMERA};ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, permissions, PERMISSION_CAMERA);} else {choseHeadImageFromCameraCapture();}}private void checkPicPermission() {int permission = ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, picPermission);if (permission == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {String[] permissions = {picPermission};ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, permissions, PERMISSION_READ);} else {choseHeadImageFromGallery();}}//权限申请回调@Overridepublic void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);switch (requestCode) {case PERMISSION_CAMERA:if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {choseHeadImageFromCameraCapture();}break;case PERMISSION_READ:if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {choseHeadImageFromGallery();}break;}}/*** 裁剪原始的图片*/public void cropRawPhoto(Uri uri) {Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP");intent.putExtra("crop", "true");intent.putExtra("aspectX", 1); //X方向上的比例intent.putExtra("aspectY", 1); //Y方向上的比例intent.putExtra("outputX", 500); //裁剪区的宽intent.putExtra("outputY", 500);//裁剪区的高intent.putExtra("scale ", true); //是否保留比例intent.putExtra("return-data", false);intent.putExtra("outputFormat", Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG.toString());intent.setDataAndType(uri, "image/*");// 7.0 使用 FileProvider 并赋予临时权限if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION/* | Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION*/);}File temporaryFile = buildTemporaryFile();if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT == Build.VERSION_CODES.R || Build.VERSION.SDK_INT > Build.VERSION_CODES.S) { //R = Android 11 S = Android 12createCropImageFile();intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, fileUri);} else {intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, fileUri = Uri.fromFile(temporaryFile)); //设置输出}cropLauncher.launch(intent);}public File buildTemporaryFile() {File file;if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) { //Android 10file = new File(Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_PICTURES),System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg");} else {file = new File(getExternalCacheDir(), System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg");}return file;}public void createCropImageFile() {try {long currentTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();String fileName = "IMG_" + currentTimeMillis + "_CROP.jpg";File imgFile = new File(Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_PICTURES) + File.separator + fileName);String absolutePath = imgFile.getAbsolutePath();Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI,new String[]{MediaStore.Images.Media._ID},MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA + "=? ",new String[]{absolutePath}, null);if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {int cursorColumnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.MediaColumns._ID);if (cursorColumnIndex >= 0) {int id = cursor.getInt(cursorColumnIndex);Uri baseUri = Uri.parse("content://media/external/images/media");fileUri = Uri.withAppendedPath(baseUri, "" + id);return;}}// 通过 MediaStore API 插入file 为了拿到系统裁剪要保存到的uri（因为App没有权限不能访问公共存储空间，需要通过 MediaStore API来操作）ContentValues values = new ContentValues();values.put(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA, absolutePath);values.put(MediaStore.Images.Media.DISPLAY_NAME, fileName);values.put(MediaStore.Images.Media.MIME_TYPE, "image/jpeg");fileUri = getContentResolver().insert(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, values);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/*** 提取保存裁剪之后的图片数据，并设置头像部分的View*/private void setImageToHeadView(Uri uri) {try {Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(getContentResolver().openInputStream(uri));headImage.setImageBitmap(bitmap);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}
}