一、CRC校验原理
Modbus RTU是一种常用于工业设备通信的协议,它基于串行通信,如RS-232或RS-485。在Modbus RTU中,CRC(循环冗余校验)是一种常用的错误检测机制,用于确保数据在传输过程中的完整性和准确性。
CRC校验通过多项式除法计算出一个校验值,该值附加在数据包的末尾。接收方同样对数据进行CRC计算,并将结果与接收到的CRC值进行比较,以验证数据是否在传输过程中被更改。
Modbus RTU通常使用CRC-16(即16位CRC)作为校验算法,其多项式通常为0xA001(在二进制中表示为1010 0000 0000 0001),但注意,实际计算时通常使用其反转形式0x8005(即1000 0000 0000 0101),并且初始值设为0xFFFF。
二、Modbus RTU CRC 校验程序
#include <stdio.h>//函数功能:计算CRC16
//参数1:*pData 16位CRC校验数据,
//参数2:nLength 数据流长度
//参数3:init 初始化值
//参数4:ptable 16位CRC查找表//逆序CRC计算
unsigned short GetRevCrc_16(unsigned char * pData, int nLength,
unsigned short init, const
unsigned short *ptable)
{unsigned short cRc_16 = init;unsigned char temp;while(nLength-- > 0){temp = cRc_16 >> 8; cRc_16 = (cRc_16 << 8) ^ ptable[(temp ^ *pData++) & 0xFF];}return cRc_16;
}//正序CRC计算
unsigned short GetCrc_16(unsigned char * pData, int nLength,
unsigned short init, const
unsigned short *ptable)
{unsigned short cRc_16 = init;unsigned char temp;while(nLength-- > 0){temp = cRc_16 & 0xFF; cRc_16 = (cRc_16 >> 8) ^ ptable[(temp ^ *pData++) & 0xFF];}return cRc_16;
}//Demo -- modbus-crc16测试
unsigned short CRC_GetModbus16(unsigned char *pdata, int len)
{
//MODBUS CRC-16表 8005 逆序
const unsigned short g_McRctable_16[256] =
{
0x0000, 0xC0C1, 0xC181, 0x0140, 0xC301, 0x03C0, 0x0280, 0xC241,
0xC601, 0x06C0, 0x0780, 0xC741, 0x0500, 0xC5C1, 0xC481, 0x0440,
0xCC01, 0x0CC0, 0x0D80, 0xCD41, 0x0F00, 0xCFC1, 0xCE81, 0x0E40,
0x0A00, 0xCAC1, 0xCB81, 0x0B40, 0xC901, 0x09C0, 0x0880, 0xC841,
0xD801, 0x18C0, 0x1980, 0xD941, 0x1B00, 0xDBC1, 0xDA81, 0x1A40,
0x1E00, 0xDEC1, 0xDF81, 0x1F40, 0xDD01, 0x1DC0, 0x1C80, 0xDC41,
0x1400, 0xD4C1, 0xD581, 0x1540, 0xD701, 0x17C0, 0x1680, 0xD641,
0xD201, 0x12C0, 0x1380, 0xD341, 0x1100, 0xD1C1, 0xD081, 0x1040,
0xF001, 0x30C0, 0x3180, 0xF141, 0x3300, 0xF3C1, 0xF281, 0x3240,
0x3600, 0xF6C1, 0xF781, 0x3740, 0xF501, 0x35C0, 0x3480, 0xF441,
0x3C00, 0xFCC1, 0xFD81, 0x3D40, 0xFF01, 0x3FC0, 0x3E80, 0xFE41,
0xFA01, 0x3AC0, 0x3B80, 0xFB41, 0x3900, 0xF9C1, 0xF881, 0x3840,
0x2800, 0xE8C1, 0xE981, 0x2940, 0xEB01, 0x2BC0, 0x2A80, 0xEA41,
0xEE01, 0x2EC0, 0x2F80, 0xEF41, 0x2D00, 0xEDC1, 0xEC81, 0x2C40,
0xE401, 0x24C0, 0x2580, 0xE541, 0x2700, 0xE7C1, 0xE681, 0x2640,
0x2200, 0xE2C1, 0xE381, 0x2340, 0xE101, 0x21C0, 0x2080, 0xE041,
0xA001, 0x60C0, 0x6180, 0xA141, 0x6300, 0xA3C1, 0xA281, 0x6240,
0x6600, 0xA6C1, 0xA781, 0x6740, 0xA501, 0x65C0, 0x6480, 0xA441,
0x6C00, 0xACC1, 0xAD81, 0x6D40, 0xAF01, 0x6FC0, 0x6E80, 0xAE41,
0xAA01, 0x6AC0, 0x6B80, 0xAB41, 0x6900, 0xA9C1, 0xA881, 0x6840,
0x7800, 0xB8C1, 0xB981, 0x7940, 0xBB01, 0x7BC0, 0x7A80, 0xBA41,
0xBE01, 0x7EC0, 0x7F80, 0xBF41, 0x7D00, 0xBDC1, 0xBC81, 0x7C40,
0xB401, 0x74C0, 0x7580, 0xB541, 0x7700, 0xB7C1, 0xB681, 0x7640,
0x7200, 0xB2C1, 0xB381, 0x7340, 0xB101, 0x71C0, 0x7080, 0xB041,
0x5000, 0x90C1, 0x9181, 0x5140, 0x9301, 0x53C0, 0x5280, 0x9241,
0x9601, 0x56C0, 0x5780, 0x9741, 0x5500, 0x95C1, 0x9481, 0x5440,
0x9C01, 0x5CC0, 0x5D80, 0x9D41, 0x5F00, 0x9FC1, 0x9E81, 0x5E40,
0x5A00, 0x9AC1, 0x9B81, 0x5B40, 0x9901, 0x59C0, 0x5880, 0x9841,
0x8801, 0x48C0, 0x4980, 0x8941, 0x4B00, 0x8BC1, 0x8A81, 0x4A40,
0x4E00, 0x8EC1, 0x8F81, 0x4F40, 0x8D01, 0x4DC0, 0x4C80, 0x8C41,
0x4400, 0x84C1, 0x8581, 0x4540, 0x8701, 0x47C0, 0x4680, 0x8641,
0x8201, 0x42C0, 0x4380, 0x8341, 0x4100, 0x81C1, 0x8081, 0x4040
};return GetCrc_16(pdata, len, 0xFFFF, g_McRctable_16);
}int main()
{char buf[]={0x01 ,0x05 ,0x00 ,0x00 ,0xFF ,0x00};int crc;crc=CRC_GetModbus16(buf,sizeof(buf));printf("%4x \n",crc);char buf1[]={0x01 ,0x05 ,0x00 ,0x09 ,0x00 ,0x00};crc=CRC_GetModbus16(buf1,sizeof(buf1));printf("%4x \n",crc);return 0;
}
测试结果如下:
注意高低字节转换。
和其它软件对比
得到的结果是一致的。