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方法一：用mapshow函数

figure(1);
hold on
%% 添加陆地
land = shaperead('landareas');
mapshow('landareas.shp', 'FaceColor', [1 1 1], 'EdgeColor', [0.3 0.3 0.3],'FaceAlpha',0)%% 添加站点
for i = 1:size(mycmap,1)mapshow(lon(label == i),lat(label == i),'displaytype','point','MarkerFaceColor',mycmap(i,:),'MarkerEdgeColor',[0.3 0.3 0.3],'markersize',4,'Marker','o')
end%% 添加经纬度线
for i = -180:30:180line([i,i],[-90,90],'linestyle','--','linewidth',1,'color',[0.6 0.6 0.6])
end
for i = -90:10:90line([-180,180],[i,i],'linestyle','--','linewidth',1,'color',[0.6 0.6 0.6])
end%% 设置显示范围
xlim([-170 40])
xticks([-180:30:180])
xticklabels({'180°W','150°W','120°W','90°W','60°W','30°W','0°','30°E','60°E','90°E','120°E','150°E','180°E'})
xtickangle(0)
ylim([28 75])
yticks([-90:10:90])
yticklabels({'90°S','80°S','70°S','60°S','50°S','40°S','30°S','20°S','10°S','0°','10°N','20°N','30°N','40°N','50°N','60°N','70°N','80°N','90°N'})
set(gca,'fontsize',18)
ax = gca;
ax.XAxis.FontSize = 12;
ax.YAxis.FontSize = 12;
box on%% 设置colorbar
hco = colorbar;
hco.Position = [0.84 0.07 0.015 0.9];
hco.Label.String = 'Mean annual \it{f}_s';
set(hco,'tickdir','out')  % 朝外
set(hco,'YTick',0:1/6:1); %色标值范围及显示间隔
set(hco,'YTickLabel',{'0.1','0.2','0.3','0.4','0.5','0.6',''}) %具体刻度赋值
colormap(mycmap)
set(gca,'Linewidth',1);
set(gca,'Position', [0.08 .12 .75 0.87]);%% 设置图窗大小
h = figure(1);
set(h,'units','normalized','position',[0.1 0.1 0.3 0.22]);  

方法二：用geoshow函数

figure(1)
ax = worldmap([40 90],[-160 50]);         %研究区范围
% land = shaperead('landareas');
% ax = geoshow(land,'FaceColor',[1 1 1]);
setm(ax,'MeridianLabel','off');           %去除经度
setm(ax,'parallelLabel','off');           %去除纬度
setm(ax,'Origin',[65 -60]);               %确定世界地图的中心
geoshow('landareas.shp', 'FaceColor', [0.75 0.75 0.75], 'EdgeColor', [0.3 0.3 0.3],'FaceAlpha',0.5)%% 添加站点
for i = 1:size(mycmap,1)geoshow(lat(label == i),lon(label == i),'displaytype','point','MarkerFaceColor',mycmap(i,:),'MarkerEdgeColor',[0.3 0.3 0.3],'markersize',6,'Marker','o')
end%% 颜值设置
set(gca,'Position', [.01 .01 .95 0.95]);
set(gca,'Position', [.01 .1 .98 0.98]);
hco = colorbar('south');
hco.Position = [0.05 0.1 0.9 0.04];
% set(hco,'tickdir','out')                      % 朝外
set(hco,'YTick',0:1/5:1);                       %色标值范围及显示间隔
set(hco,'YTickLabel',{'0','1','2','3','4','5'}) %具体刻度赋值
colormap(mycmap)
set(gca,'fontsize',23)%% 设置图窗大小
h = figure(1);
set(h,'units','normalized','position',[0.1 0.1 0.25 0.55]); 

方法三：用imagesc函数

%% 将陆地边界经纬度改成([0 1800],[0 3600])的数
Boundary = shaperead('E:\Boundary\WORLD_SHP\World_Countries\World_Countries.shp');
for i = 1:numel(Boundary)Boundary(i).X = (Boundary(i).X +180)* 10;Boundary(i).Y = (Boundary(i).Y +90)* 10;
endfigure(1)
hold on
A = flipud(Ele);
h = imagesc(A);
set(h,'alphadata',~isnan(A))%% 加载陆地边界
mapshow(Boundary,'FaceColor', 'none','LineWidth',0.2);c = colorbar('south','AxisLocation','out','Position',[0.03 0.14 0.94 0.05]);
load c_elevation.mat
colormap(mycmap)
set(c,'tickdir','out')
clim([0 6000])xlim([0 3600])
ylim([300 1801])
set(gca,'XTick',[])
set(gca,'XTickLabel',[])
set(gca,'YTick',[])
set(gca,'YTickLabel',[])
box on
set(gca,'Linewidth',1);
set(gca,'FontSize',18);
set(gca,'Position',[0.025 0.22 0.95 0.78]);h = figure(1);
set(h,'units','normalized','position',[0.1 0.12 0.4 0.3]);