LED闪烁
LED:发光二极管,正向通电点亮,反向通电不亮
代码实现
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include "Delay.h"int main(void)
{/*开启时钟*/RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE); //开启GPIOA的时钟//使用各个外设前必须开启时钟,否则对外设的操作无效/*GPIO初始化*/GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure; //定义结构体变量GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP; //GPIO模式,赋值为推挽输出模式GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0; //GPIO引脚,赋值为第0号引脚GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz; //GPIO速度,赋值为50MHzGPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure); //将赋值后的构体变量传递给GPIO_Init函数//函数内部会自动根据结构体的参数配置相应寄存器//实现GPIOA的初始化/*主循环,循环体内的代码会一直循环执行*/while (1){/*设置PA0引脚的高低电平,实现LED闪烁,下面展示3种方法*//*方法1:GPIO_ResetBits设置低电平,GPIO_SetBits设置高电平*/GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_0); //将PA0引脚设置为低电平Delay_ms(500); //延时500msGPIO_SetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_0); //将PA0引脚设置为高电平Delay_ms(500); //延时500ms/*方法2:GPIO_WriteBit设置低/高电平,由Bit_RESET/Bit_SET指定*/GPIO_WriteBit(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_0, Bit_RESET); //将PA0引脚设置为低电平Delay_ms(500); //延时500msGPIO_WriteBit(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_0, Bit_SET); //将PA0引脚设置为高电平Delay_ms(500); //延时500ms/*方法3:GPIO_WriteBit设置低/高电平,由数据0/1指定,数据需要强转为BitAction类型*/GPIO_WriteBit(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_0, (BitAction)0); //将PA0引脚设置为低电平Delay_ms(500); //延时500msGPIO_WriteBit(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_0, (BitAction)1); //将PA0引脚设置为高电平Delay_ms(500); //延时500ms}
}}
}
LED流水灯
代码实现
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include "Delay.h"int main(void)
{/*开启时钟*/RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE); //开启GPIOA的时钟//使用各个外设前必须开启时钟,否则对外设的操作无效/*GPIO初始化*/GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure; //定义结构体变量GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP; //GPIO模式,赋值为推挽输出模式GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_All; //GPIO引脚,赋值为所有引脚GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz; //GPIO速度,赋值为50MHzGPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure); //将赋值后的构体变量传递给GPIO_Init函数//函数内部会自动根据结构体的参数配置相应寄存器//实现GPIOA的初始化/*主循环,循环体内的代码会一直循环执行*/while (1){/*使用GPIO_Write,同时设置GPIOA所有引脚的高低电平,实现LED流水灯*/GPIO_Write(GPIOA, ~0x0001); //0000 0000 0000 0001,PA0引脚为低电平,其他引脚均为高电平,注意数据有按位取反Delay_ms(100); //延时100msGPIO_Write(GPIOA, ~0x0002); //0000 0000 0000 0010,PA1引脚为低电平,其他引脚均为高电平Delay_ms(100); //延时100msGPIO_Write(GPIOA, ~0x0004); //0000 0000 0000 0100,PA2引脚为低电平,其他引脚均为高电平Delay_ms(100); //延时100msGPIO_Write(GPIOA, ~0x0008); //0000 0000 0000 1000,PA3引脚为低电平,其他引脚均为高电平Delay_ms(100); //延时100msGPIO_Write(GPIOA, ~0x0010); //0000 0000 0001 0000,PA4引脚为低电平,其他引脚均为高电平Delay_ms(100); //延时100msGPIO_Write(GPIOA, ~0x0020); //0000 0000 0010 0000,PA5引脚为低电平,其他引脚均为高电平Delay_ms(100); //延时100msGPIO_Write(GPIOA, ~0x0040); //0000 0000 0100 0000,PA6引脚为低电平,其他引脚均为高电平Delay_ms(100); //延时100msGPIO_Write(GPIOA, ~0x0080); //0000 0000 1000 0000,PA7引脚为低电平,其他引脚均为高电平Delay_ms(100); //延时100ms}
}
蜂鸣器的小实验
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有源蜂鸣器:内部自带振荡源,将正负极接上直流电压即可持续发声,频率固定
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无源蜂鸣器:内部不带振荡源,需要控制器提供振荡脉冲才可发声,调整提供振荡脉冲的频率,可发出不同频率的声音
代码实现
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include "Delay.h"int main(void)
{/*开启时钟*/RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE); //开启GPIOB的时钟//使用各个外设前必须开启时钟,否则对外设的操作无效/*GPIO初始化*/GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure; //定义结构体变量GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP; //GPIO模式,赋值为推挽输出模式GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_12; //GPIO引脚,赋值为第12号引脚GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz; //GPIO速度,赋值为50MHzGPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure); //将赋值后的构体变量传递给GPIO_Init函数//函数内部会自动根据结构体的参数配置相应寄存器//实现GPIOB的初始化/*主循环,循环体内的代码会一直循环执行*/while (1){GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_12); //将PB12引脚设置为低电平,蜂鸣器鸣叫Delay_ms(100); //延时100msGPIO_SetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_12); //将PB12引脚设置为高电平,蜂鸣器停止Delay_ms(100); //延时100msGPIO_ResetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_12); //将PB12引脚设置为低电平,蜂鸣器鸣叫Delay_ms(100); //延时100msGPIO_SetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_12); //将PB12引脚设置为高电平,蜂鸣器停止Delay_ms(700); //延时700ms}
}}
}
按钮的介绍
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按键:常见的输入设备,按下导通,松手断开
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按键抖动:由于按键内部使用的是机械式弹簧片来进行通断的,所以在按下和松手的瞬间会伴随有一连串的抖动
按钮控制LED灯
代码实现
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header/*** 函 数:LED初始化* 参 数:无* 返 回 值:无*/
void LED_Init(void)
{/*开启时钟*/RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE); //开启GPIOA的时钟/*GPIO初始化*/GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_1 | GPIO_Pin_2;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure); //将PA1和PA2引脚初始化为推挽输出/*设置GPIO初始化后的默认电平*/GPIO_SetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_1 | GPIO_Pin_2); //设置PA1和PA2引脚为高电平
}/*** 函 数:LED1开启* 参 数:无* 返 回 值:无*/
void LED1_ON(void)
{GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_1); //设置PA1引脚为低电平
}/*** 函 数:LED1关闭* 参 数:无* 返 回 值:无*/
void LED1_OFF(void)
{GPIO_SetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_1); //设置PA1引脚为高电平
}/*** 函 数:LED1状态翻转* 参 数:无* 返 回 值:无*/
void LED1_Turn(void)
{if (GPIO_ReadOutputDataBit(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_1) == 0) //获取输出寄存器的状态,如果当前引脚输出低电平{GPIO_SetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_1); //则设置PA1引脚为高电平}else //否则,即当前引脚输出高电平{GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_1); //则设置PA1引脚为低电平}
}/*** 函 数:LED2开启* 参 数:无* 返 回 值:无*/
void LED2_ON(void)
{GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_2); //设置PA2引脚为低电平
}/*** 函 数:LED2关闭* 参 数:无* 返 回 值:无*/
void LED2_OFF(void)
{GPIO_SetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_2); //设置PA2引脚为高电平
}/*** 函 数:LED2状态翻转* 参 数:无* 返 回 值:无*/
void LED2_Turn(void)
{if (GPIO_ReadOutputDataBit(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_2) == 0) //获取输出寄存器的状态,如果当前引脚输出低电平{ GPIO_SetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_2); //则设置PA2引脚为高电平} else //否则,即当前引脚输出高电平{ GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_2); //则设置PA2引脚为低电平}
}
#ifndef __LED_H
#define __LED_Hvoid LED_Init(void);
void LED1_ON(void);
void LED1_OFF(void);
void LED1_Turn(void);
void LED2_ON(void);
void LED2_OFF(void);
void LED2_Turn(void);#endif
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include "Delay.h"/*** 函 数:按键初始化* 参 数:无* 返 回 值:无*/
void Key_Init(void)
{/*开启时钟*/RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE); //开启GPIOB的时钟/*GPIO初始化*/GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_1 | GPIO_Pin_11;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure); //将PB1和PB11引脚初始化为上拉输入
}/*** 函 数:按键获取键码* 参 数:无* 返 回 值:按下按键的键码值,范围:0~2,返回0代表没有按键按下* 注意事项:此函数是阻塞式操作,当按键按住不放时,函数会卡住,直到按键松手*/
uint8_t Key_GetNum(void)
{uint8_t KeyNum = 0; //定义变量,默认键码值为0if (GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_1) == 0) //读PB1输入寄存器的状态,如果为0,则代表按键1按下{Delay_ms(20); //延时消抖while (GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_1) == 0); //等待按键松手Delay_ms(20); //延时消抖KeyNum = 1; //置键码为1}if (GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_11) == 0) //读PB11输入寄存器的状态,如果为0,则代表按键2按下{Delay_ms(20); //延时消抖while (GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_11) == 0); //等待按键松手Delay_ms(20); //延时消抖KeyNum = 2; //置键码为2}return KeyNum; //返回键码值,如果没有按键按下,所有if都不成立,则键码为默认值0
}
#ifndef __KEY_H
#define __KEY_Hvoid Key_Init(void);
uint8_t Key_GetNum(void);#endif
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
#include "LED.h"
#include "Key.h"uint8_t KeyNum; //定义用于接收按键键码的变量int main(void)
{/*模块初始化*/LED_Init(); //LED初始化Key_Init(); //按键初始化while (1){KeyNum = Key_GetNum(); //获取按键键码if (KeyNum == 1) //按键1按下{LED1_Turn(); //LED1翻转}if (KeyNum == 2) //按键2按下{LED2_Turn(); //LED2翻转}}
}
传感器的介绍
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传感器模块:传感器元件(光敏电阻/热敏电阻/红外接收管等)的电阻会随外界模拟量的变化而变化,通过与定值电阻分压即可得到模拟电压输出,再通过电压比较器进行二值化即可得到数字电压输出
光敏传感器与控制蜂鸣器
代码实现
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header/*** 函 数:蜂鸣器初始化* 参 数:无* 返 回 值:无*/
void Buzzer_Init(void)
{/*开启时钟*/RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE); //开启GPIOB的时钟/*GPIO初始化*/GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_12;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure); //将PB12引脚初始化为推挽输出/*设置GPIO初始化后的默认电平*/GPIO_SetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_12); //设置PB12引脚为高电平
}/*** 函 数:蜂鸣器开启* 参 数:无* 返 回 值:无*/
void Buzzer_ON(void)
{GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_12); //设置PB12引脚为低电平
}/*** 函 数:蜂鸣器关闭* 参 数:无* 返 回 值:无*/
void Buzzer_OFF(void)
{GPIO_SetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_12); //设置PB12引脚为高电平
}/*** 函 数:蜂鸣器状态翻转* 参 数:无* 返 回 值:无*/
void Buzzer_Turn(void)
{if (GPIO_ReadOutputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_12) == 0) //获取输出寄存器的状态,如果当前引脚输出低电平{GPIO_SetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_12); //则设置PB12引脚为高电平}else //否则,即当前引脚输出高电平{GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_12); //则设置PB12引脚为低电平}
}
#ifndef __BUZZER_H
#define __BUZZER_Hvoid Buzzer_Init(void);
void Buzzer_ON(void);
void Buzzer_OFF(void);
void Buzzer_Turn(void);#endif
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header/*** 函 数:光敏传感器初始化* 参 数:无* 返 回 值:无*/
void LightSensor_Init(void)
{/*开启时钟*/RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE); //开启GPIOB的时钟/*GPIO初始化*/GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_13;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure); //将PB13引脚初始化为上拉输入
}/*** 函 数:获取当前光敏传感器输出的高低电平* 参 数:无* 返 回 值:光敏传感器输出的高低电平,范围:0/1*/
uint8_t LightSensor_Get(void)
{return GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_13); //返回PB13输入寄存器的状态
}
#ifndef __LIGHT_SENSOR_H
#define __LIGHT_SENSOR_Hvoid LightSensor_Init(void);
uint8_t LightSensor_Get(void);#endif
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
#include "Buzzer.h"
#include "LightSensor.h"int main(void)
{/*模块初始化*/Buzzer_Init(); //蜂鸣器初始化LightSensor_Init(); //光敏传感器初始化while (1){if (LightSensor_Get() == 1) //如果当前光敏输出1{Buzzer_ON(); //蜂鸣器开启}else //否则{Buzzer_OFF(); //蜂鸣器关闭}}
}
调试方式
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串口调试:通过串口通信,将调试信息发送到电脑端,电脑使用串口助手显示调试信息
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显示屏调试:直接将显示屏连接到单片机,将调试信息打印在显示屏上
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Keil调试模式:借助Keil软件的调试模式,可使用单步运行、设置断点、查看寄存器及变量等功能
OLED介绍
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OLED(Organic Light Emitting Diode):有机发光二极管
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OLED显示屏:性能优异的新型显示屏,具有功耗低、相应速度快、宽视角、轻薄柔韧等特点
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0.96寸OLED模块:小巧玲珑、占用接口少、简单易用,是电子设计中非常常见的显示屏模块
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供电:3~5.5V,通信协议:I2C/SPI,分辨率:128*64
OLEO
OLED显示屏代码实现
#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "OLED_Font.h"/*引脚配置*/
#define OLED_W_SCL(x) GPIO_WriteBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_8, (BitAction)(x))
#define OLED_W_SDA(x) GPIO_WriteBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_9, (BitAction)(x))/*引脚初始化*/
void OLED_I2C_Init(void)
{RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_OD;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_8;GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9;GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);OLED_W_SCL(1);OLED_W_SDA(1);
}/*** @brief I2C开始* @param 无* @retval 无*/
void OLED_I2C_Start(void)
{OLED_W_SDA(1);OLED_W_SCL(1);OLED_W_SDA(0);OLED_W_SCL(0);
}/*** @brief I2C停止* @param 无* @retval 无*/
void OLED_I2C_Stop(void)
{OLED_W_SDA(0);OLED_W_SCL(1);OLED_W_SDA(1);
}/*** @brief I2C发送一个字节* @param Byte 要发送的一个字节* @retval 无*/
void OLED_I2C_SendByte(uint8_t Byte)
{uint8_t i;for (i = 0; i < 8; i++){OLED_W_SDA(!!(Byte & (0x80 >> i)));OLED_W_SCL(1);OLED_W_SCL(0);}OLED_W_SCL(1); //额外的一个时钟,不处理应答信号OLED_W_SCL(0);
}/*** @brief OLED写命令* @param Command 要写入的命令* @retval 无*/
void OLED_WriteCommand(uint8_t Command)
{OLED_I2C_Start();OLED_I2C_SendByte(0x78); //从机地址OLED_I2C_SendByte(0x00); //写命令OLED_I2C_SendByte(Command); OLED_I2C_Stop();
}/*** @brief OLED写数据* @param Data 要写入的数据* @retval 无*/
void OLED_WriteData(uint8_t Data)
{OLED_I2C_Start();OLED_I2C_SendByte(0x78); //从机地址OLED_I2C_SendByte(0x40); //写数据OLED_I2C_SendByte(Data);OLED_I2C_Stop();
}/*** @brief OLED设置光标位置* @param Y 以左上角为原点,向下方向的坐标,范围:0~7* @param X 以左上角为原点,向右方向的坐标,范围:0~127* @retval 无*/
void OLED_SetCursor(uint8_t Y, uint8_t X)
{OLED_WriteCommand(0xB0 | Y); //设置Y位置OLED_WriteCommand(0x10 | ((X & 0xF0) >> 4)); //设置X位置高4位OLED_WriteCommand(0x00 | (X & 0x0F)); //设置X位置低4位
}/*** @brief OLED清屏* @param 无* @retval 无*/
void OLED_Clear(void)
{ uint8_t i, j;for (j = 0; j < 8; j++){OLED_SetCursor(j, 0);for(i = 0; i < 128; i++){OLED_WriteData(0x00);}}
}/*** @brief OLED显示一个字符* @param Line 行位置,范围:1~4* @param Column 列位置,范围:1~16* @param Char 要显示的一个字符,范围:ASCII可见字符* @retval 无*/
void OLED_ShowChar(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, char Char)
{ uint8_t i;OLED_SetCursor((Line - 1) * 2, (Column - 1) * 8); //设置光标位置在上半部分for (i = 0; i < 8; i++){OLED_WriteData(OLED_F8x16[Char - ' '][i]); //显示上半部分内容}OLED_SetCursor((Line - 1) * 2 + 1, (Column - 1) * 8); //设置光标位置在下半部分for (i = 0; i < 8; i++){OLED_WriteData(OLED_F8x16[Char - ' '][i + 8]); //显示下半部分内容}
}/*** @brief OLED显示字符串* @param Line 起始行位置,范围:1~4* @param Column 起始列位置,范围:1~16* @param String 要显示的字符串,范围:ASCII可见字符* @retval 无*/
void OLED_ShowString(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, char *String)
{uint8_t i;for (i = 0; String[i] != '\0'; i++){OLED_ShowChar(Line, Column + i, String[i]);}
}/*** @brief OLED次方函数* @retval 返回值等于X的Y次方*/
uint32_t OLED_Pow(uint32_t X, uint32_t Y)
{uint32_t Result = 1;while (Y--){Result *= X;}return Result;
}/*** @brief OLED显示数字(十进制,正数)* @param Line 起始行位置,范围:1~4* @param Column 起始列位置,范围:1~16* @param Number 要显示的数字,范围:0~4294967295* @param Length 要显示数字的长度,范围:1~10* @retval 无*/
void OLED_ShowNum(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length)
{uint8_t i;for (i = 0; i < Length; i++) {OLED_ShowChar(Line, Column + i, Number / OLED_Pow(10, Length - i - 1) % 10 + '0');}
}/*** @brief OLED显示数字(十进制,带符号数)* @param Line 起始行位置,范围:1~4* @param Column 起始列位置,范围:1~16* @param Number 要显示的数字,范围:-2147483648~2147483647* @param Length 要显示数字的长度,范围:1~10* @retval 无*/
void OLED_ShowSignedNum(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, int32_t Number, uint8_t Length)
{uint8_t i;uint32_t Number1;if (Number >= 0){OLED_ShowChar(Line, Column, '+');Number1 = Number;}else{OLED_ShowChar(Line, Column, '-');Number1 = -Number;}for (i = 0; i < Length; i++) {OLED_ShowChar(Line, Column + i + 1, Number1 / OLED_Pow(10, Length - i - 1) % 10 + '0');}
}/*** @brief OLED显示数字(十六进制,正数)* @param Line 起始行位置,范围:1~4* @param Column 起始列位置,范围:1~16* @param Number 要显示的数字,范围:0~0xFFFFFFFF* @param Length 要显示数字的长度,范围:1~8* @retval 无*/
void OLED_ShowHexNum(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length)
{uint8_t i, SingleNumber;for (i = 0; i < Length; i++) {SingleNumber = Number / OLED_Pow(16, Length - i - 1) % 16;if (SingleNumber < 10){OLED_ShowChar(Line, Column + i, SingleNumber + '0');}else{OLED_ShowChar(Line, Column + i, SingleNumber - 10 + 'A');}}
}/*** @brief OLED显示数字(二进制,正数)* @param Line 起始行位置,范围:1~4* @param Column 起始列位置,范围:1~16* @param Number 要显示的数字,范围:0~1111 1111 1111 1111* @param Length 要显示数字的长度,范围:1~16* @retval 无*/
void OLED_ShowBinNum(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length)
{uint8_t i;for (i = 0; i < Length; i++) {OLED_ShowChar(Line, Column + i, Number / OLED_Pow(2, Length - i - 1) % 2 + '0');}
}/*** @brief OLED初始化* @param 无* @retval 无*/
void OLED_Init(void)
{uint32_t i, j;for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++) //上电延时{for (j = 0; j < 1000; j++);}OLED_I2C_Init(); //端口初始化OLED_WriteCommand(0xAE); //关闭显示OLED_WriteCommand(0xD5); //设置显示时钟分频比/振荡器频率OLED_WriteCommand(0x80);OLED_WriteCommand(0xA8); //设置多路复用率OLED_WriteCommand(0x3F);OLED_WriteCommand(0xD3); //设置显示偏移OLED_WriteCommand(0x00);OLED_WriteCommand(0x40); //设置显示开始行OLED_WriteCommand(0xA1); //设置左右方向,0xA1正常 0xA0左右反置OLED_WriteCommand(0xC8); //设置上下方向,0xC8正常 0xC0上下反置OLED_WriteCommand(0xDA); //设置COM引脚硬件配置OLED_WriteCommand(0x12);OLED_WriteCommand(0x81); //设置对比度控制OLED_WriteCommand(0xCF);OLED_WriteCommand(0xD9); //设置预充电周期OLED_WriteCommand(0xF1);OLED_WriteCommand(0xDB); //设置VCOMH取消选择级别OLED_WriteCommand(0x30);OLED_WriteCommand(0xA4); //设置整个显示打开/关闭OLED_WriteCommand(0xA6); //设置正常/倒转显示OLED_WriteCommand(0x8D); //设置充电泵OLED_WriteCommand(0x14);OLED_WriteCommand(0xAF); //开启显示OLED_Clear(); //OLED清屏
}
#ifndef __OLED_H
#define __OLED_Hvoid OLED_Init(void);
void OLED_Clear(void);
void OLED_ShowChar(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, char Char);
void OLED_ShowString(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, char *String);
void OLED_ShowNum(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length);
void OLED_ShowSignedNum(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, int32_t Number, uint8_t Length);
void OLED_ShowHexNum(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length);
void OLED_ShowBinNum(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length);#endif
#ifndef __OLED_FONT_H
#define __OLED_FONT_H/*OLED字模库,宽8像素,高16像素*/
const uint8_t OLED_F8x16[][16]=
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,// 00x00,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x33,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,//! 10x00,0x10,0x0C,0x06,0x10,0x0C,0x06,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//" 20x40,0xC0,0x78,0x40,0xC0,0x78,0x40,0x00,0x04,0x3F,0x04,0x04,0x3F,0x04,0x04,0x00,//# 30x00,0x70,0x88,0xFC,0x08,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x20,0xFF,0x21,0x1E,0x00,0x00,//$ 40xF0,0x08,0xF0,0x00,0xE0,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x21,0x1C,0x03,0x1E,0x21,0x1E,0x00,//% 50x00,0xF0,0x08,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1E,0x21,0x23,0x24,0x19,0x27,0x21,0x10,//& 60x10,0x16,0x0E,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//' 70x00,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0x18,0x04,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x20,0x40,0x00,//( 80x00,0x02,0x04,0x18,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x20,0x18,0x07,0x00,0x00,0x00,//) 90x40,0x40,0x80,0xF0,0x80,0x40,0x40,0x00,0x02,0x02,0x01,0x0F,0x01,0x02,0x02,0x00,//* 100x00,0x00,0x00,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x1F,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x00,//+ 110x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0xB0,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//, 120x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,//- 130x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//. 140x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x60,0x18,0x04,0x00,0x60,0x18,0x06,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,/// 150x00,0xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x0F,0x00,//0 160x00,0x10,0x10,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//1 170x00,0x70,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x28,0x24,0x22,0x21,0x30,0x00,//2 180x00,0x30,0x08,0x88,0x88,0x48,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//3 190x00,0x00,0xC0,0x20,0x10,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x04,0x24,0x24,0x3F,0x24,0x00,//4 200x00,0xF8,0x08,0x88,0x88,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x21,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//5 210x00,0xE0,0x10,0x88,0x88,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//6 220x00,0x38,0x08,0x08,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//7 230x00,0x70,0x88,0x08,0x08,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x1C,0x22,0x21,0x21,0x22,0x1C,0x00,//8 240x00,0xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x31,0x22,0x22,0x11,0x0F,0x00,//9 250x00,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,//: 260x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x60,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//; 270x00,0x00,0x80,0x40,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x00,//< 280x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x00,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x00,//= 290x00,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x04,0x02,0x01,0x00,//> 300x00,0x70,0x48,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x36,0x01,0x00,0x00,//? 310xC0,0x30,0xC8,0x28,0xE8,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x27,0x24,0x23,0x14,0x0B,0x00,//@ 320x00,0x00,0xC0,0x38,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3C,0x23,0x02,0x02,0x27,0x38,0x20,//A 330x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//B 340xC0,0x30,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x38,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x00,//C 350x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x0F,0x00,//D 360x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0xE8,0x08,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x23,0x20,0x18,0x00,//E 370x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0xE8,0x08,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x03,0x00,0x00,0x00,//F 380xC0,0x30,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x20,0x20,0x22,0x1E,0x02,0x00,//G 390x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x01,0x01,0x21,0x3F,0x20,//H 400x00,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//I 410x00,0x00,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x00,0xC0,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00,//J 420x08,0xF8,0x88,0xC0,0x28,0x18,0x08,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x01,0x26,0x38,0x20,0x00,//K 430x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x30,0x00,//L 440x08,0xF8,0xF8,0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x00,0x3F,0x00,0x3F,0x20,0x00,//M 450x08,0xF8,0x30,0xC0,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x3F,0x00,//N 460xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x0F,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x0F,0x00,//O 470x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xF0,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x00,0x00,//P 480xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x0F,0x18,0x24,0x24,0x38,0x50,0x4F,0x00,//Q 490x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x03,0x0C,0x30,0x20,//R 500x00,0x70,0x88,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x38,0x20,0x21,0x21,0x22,0x1C,0x00,//S 510x18,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,//T 520x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x1F,0x00,//U 530x08,0x78,0x88,0x00,0x00,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x38,0x0E,0x01,0x00,0x00,//V 540xF8,0x08,0x00,0xF8,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x03,0x3C,0x07,0x00,0x07,0x3C,0x03,0x00,//W 550x08,0x18,0x68,0x80,0x80,0x68,0x18,0x08,0x20,0x30,0x2C,0x03,0x03,0x2C,0x30,0x20,//X 560x08,0x38,0xC8,0x00,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,//Y 570x10,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x20,0x38,0x26,0x21,0x20,0x20,0x18,0x00,//Z 580x00,0x00,0x00,0xFE,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7F,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x00,//[ 590x00,0x0C,0x30,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x06,0x38,0xC0,0x00,//\ 600x00,0x02,0x02,0x02,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00,//] 610x00,0x00,0x04,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//^ 620x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,//_ 630x00,0x02,0x02,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//` 640x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x24,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x3F,0x20,//a 650x08,0xF8,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//b 660x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x00,//c 670x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x88,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x3F,0x20,//d 680x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x13,0x00,//e 690x00,0x80,0x80,0xF0,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x18,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//f 700x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x6B,0x94,0x94,0x94,0x93,0x60,0x00,//g 710x08,0xF8,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,//h 720x00,0x80,0x98,0x98,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//i 730x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x98,0x98,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00,//j 740x08,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x24,0x02,0x2D,0x30,0x20,0x00,//k 750x00,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//l 760x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x3F,//m 770x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,//n 780x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x1F,0x00,//o 790x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0xFF,0xA1,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//p 800x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x11,0x20,0x20,0xA0,0xFF,0x80,//q 810x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x20,0x00,0x01,0x00,//r 820x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x33,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x19,0x00,//s 830x00,0x80,0x80,0xE0,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//t 840x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x3F,0x20,//u 850x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x01,0x0E,0x30,0x08,0x06,0x01,0x00,//v 860x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x0F,0x30,0x0C,0x03,0x0C,0x30,0x0F,0x00,//w 870x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x31,0x2E,0x0E,0x31,0x20,0x00,//x 880x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x81,0x8E,0x70,0x18,0x06,0x01,0x00,//y 890x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x21,0x30,0x2C,0x22,0x21,0x30,0x00,//z 900x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x7C,0x02,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x40,0x40,//{ 910x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,//| 920x00,0x02,0x02,0x7C,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x40,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//} 930x00,0x06,0x01,0x01,0x02,0x02,0x04,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//~ 94
};#endif
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
#include "OLED.h"int main(void)
{/*模块初始化*/OLED_Init(); //OLED初始化/*OLED显示*/OLED_ShowChar(1, 1, 'A'); //1行1列显示字符AOLED_ShowString(1, 3, "HelloWorld!"); //1行3列显示字符串HelloWorld!OLED_ShowNum(2, 1, 12345, 5); //2行1列显示十进制数字12345,长度为5OLED_ShowSignedNum(2, 7, -66, 2); //2行7列显示有符号十进制数字-66,长度为2OLED_ShowHexNum(3, 1, 0xAA55, 4); //3行1列显示十六进制数字0xA5A5,长度为4OLED_ShowBinNum(4, 1, 0xAA55, 16); //4行1列显示二进制数字0xA5A5,长度为16//C语言无法直接写出二进制数字,故需要用十六进制表示while (1){}
}
中断系统
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中断:在主程序运行过程中,出现了特定的中断触发条件(中断源),使得CPU暂停当前正在运行的程序,转而去处理中断程序,处理完成后又返回原来被暂停的位置继续运行
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中断优先级:当有多个中断源同时申请中断时,CPU会根据中断源的轻重缓急进行裁决,优先响应更加紧急的中断源
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中断嵌套:当一个中断程序正在运行时,又有新的更高优先级的中断源申请中断,CPU再次暂停当前中断程序,转而去处理新的中断程序,处理完成后依次进行返回
中断执行流程
STM32中断
NVIC基本结构
NVIC优先级分组
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NVIC的中断优先级由优先级寄存器的4位(0~15)决定,这4位可以进行切分,分为高n位的抢占优先级和低4-n位的响应优先级
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抢占优先级高的可以中断嵌套,响应优先级高的可以优先排队,抢占优先级和响应优先级均相同的按中断号排队
EXTL介绍
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EXTI(Extern Interrupt)外部中断
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EXTI可以监测指定GPIO口的电平信号,当其指定的GPIO口产生电平变化时,EXTI将立即向NVIC发出中断申请,经过NVIC裁决后即可中断CPU主程序,使CPU执行EXTI对应的中断程序
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支持的触发方式:上升沿/下降沿/双边沿/软件触发
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支持的GPIO口:所有GPIO口,但相同的Pin不能同时触发中断
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通道数:16个GPIO_Pin,外加PVD输出、RTC闹钟、USB唤醒、以太网唤醒
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触发响应方式:中断响应/事件响应
EXTL基本结构
AFIO复用IO口
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AFIO主要用于引脚复用功能的选择和重定义
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在STM32中,AFIO主要完成两个任务:复用功能引脚重映射、中断引脚选择
EXTL框图
对射式红外传感器计次
代码实现
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device headeruint16_t CountSensor_Count; //全局变量,用于计数/*** 函 数:计数传感器初始化* 参 数:无* 返 回 值:无*/
void CountSensor_Init(void)
{/*开启时钟*/RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE); //开启GPIOB的时钟RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO, ENABLE); //开启AFIO的时钟,外部中断必须开启AFIO的时钟/*GPIO初始化*/GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_14;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure); //将PB14引脚初始化为上拉输入/*AFIO选择中断引脚*/GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOB, GPIO_PinSource14);//将外部中断的14号线映射到GPIOB,即选择PB14为外部中断引脚/*EXTI初始化*/EXTI_InitTypeDef EXTI_InitStructure; //定义结构体变量EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Line = EXTI_Line14; //选择配置外部中断的14号线EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_LineCmd = ENABLE; //指定外部中断线使能EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Mode = EXTI_Mode_Interrupt; //指定外部中断线为中断模式EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Trigger = EXTI_Trigger_Falling; //指定外部中断线为下降沿触发EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStructure); //将结构体变量交给EXTI_Init,配置EXTI外设/*NVIC中断分组*/NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2); //配置NVIC为分组2//即抢占优先级范围:0~3,响应优先级范围:0~3//此分组配置在整个工程中仅需调用一次//若有多个中断,可以把此代码放在main函数内,while循环之前//若调用多次配置分组的代码,则后执行的配置会覆盖先执行的配置/*NVIC配置*/NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure; //定义结构体变量NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI15_10_IRQn; //选择配置NVIC的EXTI15_10线NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE; //指定NVIC线路使能NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1; //指定NVIC线路的抢占优先级为1NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1; //指定NVIC线路的响应优先级为1NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure); //将结构体变量交给NVIC_Init,配置NVIC外设
}/*** 函 数:获取计数传感器的计数值* 参 数:无* 返 回 值:计数值,范围:0~65535*/
uint16_t CountSensor_Get(void)
{return CountSensor_Count;
}/*** 函 数:EXTI15_10外部中断函数* 参 数:无* 返 回 值:无* 注意事项:此函数为中断函数,无需调用,中断触发后自动执行* 函数名为预留的指定名称,可以从启动文件复制* 请确保函数名正确,不能有任何差异,否则中断函数将不能进入*/
void EXTI15_10_IRQHandler(void)
{if (EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line14) == SET) //判断是否是外部中断14号线触发的中断{/*如果出现数据乱跳的现象,可再次判断引脚电平,以避免抖动*/if (GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_14) == 0){CountSensor_Count ++; //计数值自增一次}EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line14); //清除外部中断14号线的中断标志位//中断标志位必须清除//否则中断将连续不断地触发,导致主程序卡死}
}
#ifndef __COUNT_SENSOR_H
#define __COUNT_SENSOR_Hvoid CountSensor_Init(void);
uint16_t CountSensor_Get(void);#endif
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
#include "OLED.h"
#include "CountSensor.h"int main(void)
{/*模块初始化*/OLED_Init(); //OLED初始化CountSensor_Init(); //计数传感器初始化/*显示静态字符串*/OLED_ShowString(1, 1, "Count:"); //1行1列显示字符串Count:while (1){OLED_ShowNum(1, 7, CountSensor_Get(), 5); //OLED不断刷新显示CountSensor_Get的返回值}
}
OLED的代码使用在上面
旋转编码器的介绍
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旋转编码器:用来测量位置、速度或旋转方向的装置,当其旋转轴旋转时,其输出端可以输出与旋转速度和方向对应的方波信号,读取方波信号的频率和相位信息即可得知旋转轴的速度和方向
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类型:机械触点式/霍尔传感器式/光栅式
旋转编码器计次代码实现
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device headerint16_t Encoder_Count; //全局变量,用于计数旋转编码器的增量值/*** 函 数:旋转编码器初始化* 参 数:无* 返 回 值:无*/
void Encoder_Init(void)
{/*开启时钟*/RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE); //开启GPIOB的时钟RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO, ENABLE); //开启AFIO的时钟,外部中断必须开启AFIO的时钟/*GPIO初始化*/GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0 | GPIO_Pin_1;GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure); //将PB0和PB1引脚初始化为上拉输入/*AFIO选择中断引脚*/GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOB, GPIO_PinSource0);//将外部中断的0号线映射到GPIOB,即选择PB0为外部中断引脚GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOB, GPIO_PinSource1);//将外部中断的1号线映射到GPIOB,即选择PB1为外部中断引脚/*EXTI初始化*/EXTI_InitTypeDef EXTI_InitStructure; //定义结构体变量EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Line = EXTI_Line0 | EXTI_Line1; //选择配置外部中断的0号线和1号线EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_LineCmd = ENABLE; //指定外部中断线使能EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Mode = EXTI_Mode_Interrupt; //指定外部中断线为中断模式EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Trigger = EXTI_Trigger_Falling; //指定外部中断线为下降沿触发EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStructure); //将结构体变量交给EXTI_Init,配置EXTI外设/*NVIC中断分组*/NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2); //配置NVIC为分组2//即抢占优先级范围:0~3,响应优先级范围:0~3//此分组配置在整个工程中仅需调用一次//若有多个中断,可以把此代码放在main函数内,while循环之前//若调用多次配置分组的代码,则后执行的配置会覆盖先执行的配置/*NVIC配置*/NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure; //定义结构体变量NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI0_IRQn; //选择配置NVIC的EXTI0线NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE; //指定NVIC线路使能NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1; //指定NVIC线路的抢占优先级为1NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1; //指定NVIC线路的响应优先级为1NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure); //将结构体变量交给NVIC_Init,配置NVIC外设NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI1_IRQn; //选择配置NVIC的EXTI1线NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE; //指定NVIC线路使能NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1; //指定NVIC线路的抢占优先级为1NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 2; //指定NVIC线路的响应优先级为2NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure); //将结构体变量交给NVIC_Init,配置NVIC外设
}/*** 函 数:旋转编码器获取增量值* 参 数:无* 返 回 值:自上此调用此函数后,旋转编码器的增量值*/
int16_t Encoder_Get(void)
{/*使用Temp变量作为中继,目的是返回Encoder_Count后将其清零*//*在这里,也可以直接返回Encoder_Count但这样就不是获取增量值的操作方法了也可以实现功能,只是思路不一样*/int16_t Temp;Temp = Encoder_Count;Encoder_Count = 0;return Temp;
}/*** 函 数:EXTI0外部中断函数* 参 数:无* 返 回 值:无* 注意事项:此函数为中断函数,无需调用,中断触发后自动执行* 函数名为预留的指定名称,可以从启动文件复制* 请确保函数名正确,不能有任何差异,否则中断函数将不能进入*/
void EXTI0_IRQHandler(void)
{if (EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line0) == SET) //判断是否是外部中断0号线触发的中断{/*如果出现数据乱跳的现象,可再次判断引脚电平,以避免抖动*/if (GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_0) == 0){if (GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_1) == 0) //PB0的下降沿触发中断,此时检测另一相PB1的电平,目的是判断旋转方向{Encoder_Count --; //此方向定义为反转,计数变量自减}}EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line0); //清除外部中断0号线的中断标志位//中断标志位必须清除//否则中断将连续不断地触发,导致主程序卡死}
}/*** 函 数:EXTI1外部中断函数* 参 数:无* 返 回 值:无* 注意事项:此函数为中断函数,无需调用,中断触发后自动执行* 函数名为预留的指定名称,可以从启动文件复制* 请确保函数名正确,不能有任何差异,否则中断函数将不能进入*/
void EXTI1_IRQHandler(void)
{if (EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line1) == SET) //判断是否是外部中断1号线触发的中断{/*如果出现数据乱跳的现象,可再次判断引脚电平,以避免抖动*/if (GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_1) == 0){if (GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_0) == 0) //PB1的下降沿触发中断,此时检测另一相PB0的电平,目的是判断旋转方向{Encoder_Count ++; //此方向定义为正转,计数变量自增}}EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line1); //清除外部中断1号线的中断标志位//中断标志位必须清除//否则中断将连续不断地触发,导致主程序卡死}
}
#ifndef __ENCODER_H
#define __ENCODER_Hvoid Encoder_Init(void);
int16_t Encoder_Get(void);#endif
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
#include "OLED.h"
#include "Encoder.h"int16_t Num; //定义待被旋转编码器调节的变量int main(void)
{ //OLED的代码在上面/*模块初始化*/OLED_Init(); //OLED初始化Encoder_Init(); //旋转编码器初始化/*显示静态字符串*/OLED_ShowString(1, 1, "Num:"); //1行1列显示字符串Num:while (1){Num += Encoder_Get(); //获取自上此调用此函数后,旋转编码器的增量值,并将增量值加到Num上OLED_ShowSignedNum(1, 5, Num, 5); //显示Num}
}