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背景

pip是python的一个包管理工具。平时只是install，但是很少查看安装了哪些？以及某个包详细信息。本文主要介绍list列出所有的包，以及show查看某个详细信息。顺带介绍install。

命令

list

pip3 list

show

pip3 show pyserial

-v 显示详细信息

install 安装

比如安装pyserial：pip3 install pyserial

其他

关键信息

man手册

PIP(1)                                                                  PIP(1)NAMEpip - A tool for installing and managing Python packagesSYNOPSISpip <command> [options]pip3 <command> [options]DESCRIPTIONpip  is  a  Python package installer, recommended for installing Pythonpackages which are not available in the Debian archive.   It  can  workwith  version  control repositories (currently only Git, Mercurial, andBazaar repositories), logs output  extensively,  and  prevents  partialinstalls by downloading all requirements before starting installation.On  Debian,  pip  is  the  command  to use when installing packages forPython 2, while pip3 is the command to use when installing packages forPython 3.COMMANDSThe  command comes before any options.  The following commands are rec-ognized:help   Show help for commands.installInstall packages.uninstallUninstall packages.freeze Output installed packages in requirements format.list   List installed packages.show   Show information about installed packages.search Search PyPI for packages.wheel  Build wheels from your requirements.GENERAL OPTIONSThis list is by no means complete, and it only describes options avail-able  to  all  commands.   Use pip <command> --help for more details oncommand specific options.  A few command options are provided below.-h, --helpShow more detailed command help.-v, --verboseGive more output. Option is additive, and can be used  up  to  3times.-V, --versionShow version and exit.-q, --quietGive less output.--log-file <path>Path  to  a  verbose non-appending log, that only logs failures.This log is active by default at ~/.pip/pip.log.--log <path>Path to a verbose  appending  log.   This  log  is  inactive  bydefault.--proxy <proxy>Specify a proxy in the form [user:passwd@]proxy.server:port.--timeout <sec>Set the socket timeout (default 15 seconds).--exists-action <action>Default  action  when a path already exists: (s)witch, (i)gnore,(w)ipe, (b)ackup.--cert <path>Path to alternate CA bundle.INSTALL OPTIONSpip install installs packages from:o PyPI (a.k.a. The Cheeseshop) and other indexes, using requirementsspecifiers.o VCS project urls.o Local project directories.o Local or remote source archives-e,--editable <path/url>Install  a  project  in editable mode (i.e.  setuptools "developmode") from a local project path or a VCS url.-r,--requirement <file>Install from the given requirements file.  This  option  can  beused multiple times.-b,--build <dir>Directory  to unpack packages into and build in.  The default ina virtualenv is "<venv path>/build".   The  default  for  globalinstalls is "<OS temp dir>/pip_build_<username>".-t,--target <dir>Install packages into <dir>.-d,--download <dir>Download packages into <dir> instead of installing them, regard-less of what's already installed.--download-cache <dir>Cache downloaded packages in <dir>.--src <dir>Directory to check out editable projects into.  The default in avirtualenv   is  "<venv  path>/src".   The  default  for  globalinstalls is "<current dir>/src".-U, --upgradeUpgrade all packages to  the  newest  available  version.   Thisprocess  is  recursive  regardless  of  whether  a dependency isalready satisfied.--force-reinstallWhen upgrading, reinstall all packages even if they are  alreadyup-to-date.-I, --ignore-installedIgnore the installed packages (reinstalling instead).--no-depsDon't install package dependencies.--install-option <options>Extra  arguments  to be supplied to the setup.py install command(use like --install-option ="--install-scripts=/usr/local/bin").Use  multiple  --install-option options to pass multiple optionsto setup.py install. If you are using an option with a directorypath, be sure to use absolute path.--global-option <options>Extra  global options to be supplied to the setup.py call beforethe install command.--user Install using the user scheme.--egg  Install packages as eggs, not 'flat', like  pip  normally  does.This option is not about installing from eggs. (WARNING: Becausethis option overrides pip's normal install  logic,  requirementsfiles may not behave as expected.)--root <dir>Install everything relative to this alternate root directory.--compileCompile py files to pyc.--no-compileDo not compile py files to pyc.--no-use-wheelDo not find and prefer wheel archives when searching indexes andfind-links locations.--pre  Include pre-release and development versions.  By  default,  piponly finds stable versions.--no-cleanDon't clean up build directories.Package Index Options:-i,--index-url <url>Base     URL     of     Python     Package     Index    (defaulthttps://pypi.python.org/simple/).--extra-index-url <url>Extra URLs of package indexes to use in addition to --index-url.--no-indexIgnore  package  index  (only  looking  at   --find-links   URLsinstead).-f,--find-links <url>If  a  url  or path to an html file, then parse for links to ar-chives. If a local path or file:// url that's a directory,  thenlook for archives in the directory listing.--allow-external <package>Allow the installation of externally hosted files--allow-all-externalAllow the installation of all externally hosted files--allow-unverified <package>Allow the installation of insecure and unverifiable files--process-dependency-linksEnable the processing of dependency links.UNINSTALL OPTIONSpip is able to uninstall most installed packages. Known exceptions are:o Pure  distutils  packages  installed with python setup.py install,which leave behind  no  metadata  to  determine  what  files  wereinstalled.o Script wrappers installed by python setup.py develop.-r,--requirement <file>Uninstall  all  the  packages  listed  in the given requirementsfile.  This option can be used multiple times.-y, --yesDon't ask for confirmation of uninstall deletions.AUTHORSThis  manual  page  was  originally  written   by   Jeff   Licquia   <-licquia@debian.org>,    later    rewritten    by    Carl    Chenet   <-chaica@debian.org>.  It was rewritten again and the source converted toreStructuredText by Barry Warsaw <barry@debian.org>.Permission  is  granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this documentunder the terms of the GNU General Public License,  version  3  or  anylater version published by the Free Software Foundation.AUTHORBarry Warsaw <barry@debian.org>1.5.6                             2014-06-03                            PIP(1)