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Android 实现悬浮球的功能

在 Android 中，实现悬浮球可以通过以下方式实现，常见的方法是使用 WindowManager 创建一个悬浮窗口。以下是具体的实现步骤：

1. 配置权限

在 AndroidManifest.xml 中添加悬浮窗权限：

 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW" />

对于 Android 6.0 及以上版本，还需要动态申请悬浮窗权限。

AndroidManifest.xml 文件如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"package="com.check.floatingball">​<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW" />​​<applicationandroid:allowBackup="true"android:dataExtractionRules="@xml/data_extraction_rules"android:fullBackupContent="@xml/backup_rules"android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"android:label="@string/app_name"android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"android:supportsRtl="true"android:theme="@style/Theme.FloatingBall"tools:targetApi="31"><activityandroid:name=".MainActivity"android:exported="true"><intent-filter><action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />​<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /></intent-filter></activity>​<serviceandroid:name=".FloatingBallService"android:exported="false"android:permission="com.example.permission.ACCESS_FLOATING_BALL" /></application>​</manifest>

2. 创建悬浮球服务

悬浮球通常在一个 Service 中实现，以便在后台运行。

创建一个 Service 类

import android.app.Serviceimport android.content.Intentimport android.os.IBinderimport android.graphics.PixelFormatimport android.os.Buildimport android.util.Logimport android.view.*import android.widget.ImageViewimport android.widget.Toast​class FloatingBallService : Service() {​private lateinit var windowManager: WindowManagerprivate lateinit var floatingView: ViewGroupprivate lateinit var layoutParams: WindowManager.LayoutParams​override fun onCreate() {super.onCreate()​// 初始化 WindowManagerwindowManager = getSystemService(WINDOW_SERVICE) as WindowManager​// 加载悬浮球布局floatingView = LayoutInflater.from(this).inflate(R.layout.floating_ball, null) as ViewGroup​// 悬浮窗参数配置layoutParams = WindowManager.LayoutParams(WindowManager.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,WindowManager.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O)WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAYelseWindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_PHONE,WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE,PixelFormat.TRANSLUCENT)​layoutParams.gravity = Gravity.TOP or Gravity.START// 第一次显示的坐标位置layoutParams.x = 0layoutParams.y = 100​// 添加悬浮窗windowManager.addView(floatingView, layoutParams)​// 添加触摸和点击事件val floatingIcon = floatingView.findViewById<ImageView>(R.id.floating_icon)// 添加onTouchListenerfloatingIcon.setOnTouchListener(FloatingBallTouchListener())// 添加onClickListenerfloatingIcon.setOnClickListener {Log.d("FloatingBall", "点击事件触发")Toast.makeText(this, "点击悬浮球", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()}}​override fun onDestroy() {super.onDestroy()// 移除悬浮球windowManager.removeView(floatingView)}​override fun onBind(intent: Intent?): IBinder? {return null}​/***自定义触摸事件监听器*/private inner class FloatingBallTouchListener : View.OnTouchListener {private var initialX = 0private var initialY = 0private var initialTouchX = 0fprivate var initialTouchY = 0f​override fun onTouch(view: View, event: MotionEvent): Boolean {when (event.action) {MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN -> {initialX = layoutParams.xinitialY = layoutParams.yinitialTouchX = event.rawXinitialTouchY = event.rawYreturn false}MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE -> {layoutParams.x = initialX + (event.rawX - initialTouchX).toInt()layoutParams.y = initialY + (event.rawY - initialTouchY).toInt()windowManager.updateViewLayout(floatingView, layoutParams)return false}}return false}}}

3. 悬浮球布局

在 res/layout/floating_ball.xml 中创建悬浮球的布局文件：

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:id="@+id/icon_root_view_group"android:layout_width="50dp"android:layout_height="50dp"android:background="@color/white">​<ImageViewandroid:id="@+id/floating_icon"android:layout_width="50dp"android:layout_height="50dp"android:src="@drawable/float_circle_transparent"android:contentDescription="图片" /></LinearLayout>

4. 添加动态权限申请

在MainActivity 中申请悬浮窗权限：

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivityimport android.os.Bundle​import android.content.Intentimport android.net.Uriimport android.os.Buildimport android.provider.Settingsimport android.widget.Buttonimport android.widget.Toast​class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {​override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)​val startButton = findViewById<Button>(R.id.start_floating_ball)startButton.setOnClickListener {if (checkOverlayPermission()) {startFloatingBallService()} else {requestOverlayPermission()}}}​private fun checkOverlayPermission(): Boolean {return if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {Settings.canDrawOverlays(this)} else {true}}​private fun requestOverlayPermission() {if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {val intent = Intent(Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_OVERLAY_PERMISSION,Uri.parse("package:$packageName"))startActivityForResult(intent, 100)}}​private fun startFloatingBallService() {val intent = Intent(this, FloatingBallService::class.java)startService(intent)}​override fun onActivityResult(requestCode: Int, resultCode: Int, data: Intent?) {super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data)if (requestCode == 100) {if (checkOverlayPermission()) {startFloatingBallService()} else {Toast.makeText(this, "悬浮窗权限未授予", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()}}}}

5. activity_main.xml布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:gravity="center"android:orientation="vertical">​<Buttonandroid:id="@+id/start_floating_ball"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:text="启动悬浮球" /></LinearLayout>

6. 测试运行

1. 启动应用，点击 "启动悬浮球" 按钮。

2. 如果未授予权限，应用会跳转到悬浮窗权限设置页面。

3. 授予权限后，悬浮球会显示在屏幕上，可以拖动和点击。

通过以上步骤，你已经从零实现了一个基本的 Android 悬浮球功能！

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